Proteins Lecture Notes Flashcards

Flashcards about Proteins

Proteins

Organic polymers made of amino acids linked together in a specific order.

Amino acids

Organic molecules that have both an amino group and an acidic carboxyl group.

Peptide bond

The amide bond that joins two amino acids.

Polypeptides

Peptide chains of ten or more amino acids.

Denaturation

The process in which a protein’s natural three-dimensional structure is disrupted.

Enzyme

A biological catalyst that lowers the activation energy of a reaction.

Substrate

The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

Active site

The spot on an enzyme to which the substrates bind.

Transport Proteins

Proteins involved in transporting smaller particles throughout the body.

Structural Proteins

Proteins whose sole function is to form structures vital to organisms.

Hormones (Protein)

Proteins used as chemical messenger molecules that carry signals from one part of the body to another.