world history flashcards

Monotheistic

Belief in one god.

Polytheistic

Belief in multiple gods.

Abraham

The 'Father of the Hebrews' and founder of Judaism.

Yarmulke

A skullcap worn by Jewish men during prayer.

Passover

A Jewish holiday commemorating the Exodus from Egypt, involving rituals prohibiting certain foods until night.

Hebrew Bible

The holy book of Judaism.

Jesus

The savior in Christianity, believed to redeem people from their sins.

Quran

The holy book of Islam.

Five Pillars of Islam

The foundation of a Muslim's faith and practice, including Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj.

Caste System

A hierarchical social structure in Hinduism that ranks people based on social class.

Reincarnation

The belief that after death, souls are reborn into new bodies, supporting the caste system.

Persian Wars

Conflicts where Greek forces united against the Persian Empire, culminating in Greek victories.

Peloponnesian War

A war fought between Athens and Sparta, leading to Sparta's dominance in Greece.

Punic Wars

A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage, leading to Roman dominance over the Mediterranean.

Pax Romana

A 207-year era of peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire during Augustus' reign.

Feudalism

A dominant social system in medieval Europe characterized by the relationship between lords and peasants.

Crusades

Military campaigns by Europeans to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control.

Black Death

A devastating pandemic in the 14th century that reduced the population by about one-third.

Shogun

The military leader of Japan during the feudal era, holding the ultimate power.

Daimyo

The head of noble families in Japan's feudal system.

Samurai

The warrior class in feudal Japan, akin to knights.

Ronin

Samurai without a lord, often hired as mercenaries.