S1.1 intro to the particulate nature of matter

an element

the primary constituents of matter, which cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances

a compound

atoms of different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio

a mixture

one or more element and/or compound in no fixed ratio that is not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical methods

a heterogeneous mixture

a mixture throughout which the composition and properties are non-uniform

a homogeneous mixture

a mixture throughout which the composition and properties are uniform

filtration

a method of removing an insoluble solid from a liquid

solvation & evaporation

a method of removing an insoluble solid from a soluble solid

crystallisation

a method of removing a dissolved solid from a solution

miscible

a term for two liquids that form a homogeneous mixture when added together

recrystallisation

a method of purifying impure solids

simple distillation

a method of separating a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids or a soluble solid from a liquid

fractional distillation

a method of separating two or more liquids that are miscible

paper chromatography

a method of separating two substances that have different solubilities in a given solvent

melting

change of state from a solid to a liquid

freezing

change of state from a liquid to a solid

vaporising

change of state from a liquid to a gas

condensing

change of state from a gas to a liquid

sublimation

change of state from a solid to a gas

deposition

change of state from a gas to a solid