Studied by 34 peoplePyruvic acid
________ enters the Krebs cycle, where a little more energy is given off.
Chemical pathways
________ that need oxygen are called aerobic.
Krebs cycle
The ________ and electron transport chain are both aerobic.
Photosynthesis
________ gives off oxygen, and cellular respiration uses that oxygen to release energy from food.
Heterotrophs
Must eat other living things for food
Autotrophs
Make their own food through photosynthesis
Fermentation
The process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
Cells
________ break down food molecules over time, getting a little bit of chemical energy at key steps.
NAD+
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: an electron carrier involved in glycolysis
Cellular respiration
The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Oxygen
________ is used at the end of the electron transport chain; any time a cell needs more energy, it needs more ________, too.
chemical process
A(n) ________ that does not need oxygen is called anaerobic.
NADH
The ________ made during glycolysis can enter the mitochondrion to join the ________ and FADH2 made by the Krebs cycle.
Mitochondria
The organelles most important in cellular respiration
Electrons
________ are then passed from all of those carriers to the electron transport chain, which uses them to change ADP into ATP.
ATP
For quick bursts of energy, the body uses ________ already in muscles and ________ from lactic acid fermentation.
Krebs cycle
The ________ and electric transport chain take place inside the mitochondria.
Photosynthesis
________ and cellular respiration can be thought of as opposite processes, as the equations for ________ and cellular respiration are the reverse of each other.
Glycolysis
________ is an anaerobic process.
pyruvic acid
Step 2: Enzymes split CO2 off from ________, leaving a 2- carbon molecule, and NADH is produced from NAD.
cellular respiration
For exercise longer than 90 seconds, the body uses ________.
Krebs cycle
The ________ takes place within the matrix- the innermost space of the mitochondrion.
Glycolysis
The first stage of cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
________ produces food molecules and removes carbon dioxide from the air, and cellular respiration puts it back.
Cellular respiration
________ gives off carbon dioxide, water, and energy and the process can be summarized like this:
Krebs cycle
Together, glycolysis, the ________, and the electron transport chain make about 36 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.
Glycolysis
________ does not need oxygen, meaning that ________ can quickly get chemical energy to cells when there is not any oxygen present.
Krebs cycle
During the ________, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of steps that release chemical energy.
Energy in food can be measured in units called calories
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
The Krebs cycle takes place within the matrix
the innermost space of the mitochondrion
Step 1
Pyruvic acid from glycolysis enters the mitochondrions matrix
Step 2
Enzymes split CO2 off from pyruvic acid, leaving a 2-carbon molecule, and NADH is produced from NAD
Step 3
The 2-carbon-atom molecule joins a 4-carbon-atom molecule to become citric acid
Step 4
More CO2 and NADH are made as citric acid becomes a 4-carbon-atom molecule
Step 5
More reactions make high-energy molecules of ATP, FADH2, and NADH
Step 6
The 4-carbon atom molecule can go through the cycle again
You have three main sources of ATP
ATP already in muscles, ATP made by lactic acid fermentation, and ATP made by cellular respiration
Calorie
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
Krebs cycle
The second stage of cellular respiration
Electron transport chain
The third stage of cellular respiration
Aerobic
Chemical pathways that need oxygen are called aerobic
Anaerobic
A chemical process that does not need oxygen
Matrix
The innermost space of the mitochondrion
Note 
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