Studied by 10 people
Imperialism
domination of one country of the political and economic life of another country
What does industrial power require
Natural resources: to make products
Markets: to sell overproduced goods
New Manifest Destiny?
A phrase coined in 1845 is the idea that the US is defined by god, its advocated believed to expand its domination and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North America continent
Reasons for imperialism
Natural resources (Sugar, coffee, oil, bananas, rubber, metal and minerals), New Markets,Money from Foreign Economies
Was pushed by the 1892 Depression
American Exceptionalism
US destiny to spread democracy and capitalism
What does Increased economic interests in foreign countries equal?
increased political influence in those countries
Big Christian project
China - 100,000 Christian converts
Allowed for US/Chinese Trade to grow
Social Darwinism
the U.S. superior to other "primitive " societies
TR and Rudyard Kipling Social/Cultural Opportunities:
TR:Nationalistic forgeign policy
Rudyard Kipling: "The Whitemans Burden"
Great White Fleet
Build powerful navy was required to protect American trade overseas, especially with Africa and Asia
Alfred Thayer Mahan
wrote many books on importance of bignavy
International Power and Advocated taking colonies
depends on naval supremacy
Caribbean and Pacific kinked by canal
History of American Expansion
As America moved west, wars were fought with Mexico and there were many battles with Native Americans.
America's foreign policy is mostly non-existent.
Post Civil War
Secty of State William Seward buys Alaska from Russia $7.2M
-More trade possible with Asia
-1870s-1890s - Hawaii
-1887 - Pearl Harbor naval station
-1898 - Annexation of Hawaii (after 5 years of Anti-Imperialist debates)
America's Military, 1890s
No strong diplomatic power
Small army: ranked 13 th behind Bulgaria
Small navy: ranked 10 th with obsolete ships
although building in 1890s: Great White Fleet
Navy will be better than army.
Cause of Spanish American War-CUBAN REBELLION AGAINST THE SPANISH (90 miles off the coast of Florida)
CUBAN REBELLION AGAINST THE SPANISH (90 miles off the coast of Florida)
-In 1895, Cubans rebel against Spanish colonial rule
-The Spanish put down the rebellion with overwhelming force.
-Cubanswere herded into "Reconcentration" camps - death camps
-Terrible treatment: starvation, disease, torture, etc.
Causes of the Spanish American War-Yellow Journalism
Yellow Journalism
-sensational/exaggerated stories in popular newspapers told of the horrors of the Spanish Treatment against the Cubans.
William Randolph Hearst: The Journal
Joseph Pulitzer: The World
-America starts to push President McKinley to do something.
Causes of Spanish American War- Money Concerns: Threat to US investments in Cuba.
Sugar Plantations make USA big $$: $29M in 1897
-Cubans destroy American sugarcane fields to drag us into the conflict
Causes of Spanish American war- DeLome Letter (1898): published in papers
DeLome Letter (1898): published in papers
Written by Duprey deLome, Spanish minister to US
McKinley as weak , hypocritical man: Americans angry
Causes of Spanish American War-Remember the Maine" - US battleship sunk in Havana harbor (1898)
262 sailors killed: Spain blamed by papers
Later determined: faulty boiler exploded
McKinley asks Congress to declare war: April, 1898
How long was the Spanish-American War?
4 months, April-August
How was the war for the US
It was an easy and short war with 385 deaths in combat but 5,000 died from topical disease
How did the battle in the Philippines start
Commodore George Dewey attacks Manila Bay, Philippines
How long was the war and how many deaths occur were there during the war
7 hour war and only 2 deaths
Who fought in the battle in Cuba
Volunteer Army fights most of war: over 20,000
Rough Riders: volunteer cavalry organized by Theodor Rosevelt who were men of diverse backgrounds, rich boys, cowboys, NYC Cops
Who was declared the war hero of the Cuba battle
TR
Aftermath of the battle of the Philippines
All 10 outdated ships of the Spanish were destroyed and America now has a strong foothold in Western Pacific
Who was declared the war hero of the Cuba battle
TR
What was the Battle of Santiago
Took place July 1 1898
S navy destroys Spanish Fleet in Stantiago Harbor
Only 1 American
US Army attacks Santiago and Spanish Flea
Spain surrenders in August
What ended the Spanish-American war
Treaty of Paris, in December 1898
What did the War cost (# of deaths and money)
5,000 lives and 20 million dollars
What did US and Spain gain or loose
US receives Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines
-Spain receives 20 million
*Created unity in USA: first time since Civil War
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Flashcard (105)