Kinesiology for Dance Chpt. 1

Locomotor Skeletal System

The system that supports the body and facilitates movement, consisting of bones, joints, and connective tissues.

Joints

Meeting points between bones that facilitate movement.

Osseous tissue

Type of tissue that makes up bones.

Collagen

An organic component of bone that provides elasticity.

Calcium salts

Inorganic components of bone that provide hardness.

Long bones

Cylindrical bones with wider ends, such as the femur and humerus.

Short bones

Bones that are approximately equal in length and width, such as carpals.

Flat bones

Thin and flat bones, such as the scapula.

Sesamoid bones

Bones embedded within tendons, such as the patella.

Irregular bones

Bones with complex shapes, such as vertebrae.

Epiphysis

The wider end of a long bone.

Periosteum

Connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones.

Trochanter

A large chunk of bone, typically found on the femur.

Condyle

A big, rounded chunk of bone.

Ligaments

Connective tissues that connect bone to bone and provide stability.

Tendons

Connective tissues that attach muscle to bone.

Cartilage

Supportive tissue that provides cushioning at joints.

Amphiarthrotic joints

Joints that allow limited movement, like the connection between the clavicle and scapula.

Sagittal plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right halves.

Flexion

The act of bending a joint to decrease the angle between bones.

Dorsal flexion

Flexion that occurs at the ankle, moving the foot upward.

Abduction

Movement of a body part away from the midline.

Adduction

Movement of a body part toward the midline.

Fulcrum

The point of support about which a lever turns.

Inward rotation

When a limb or body part rotates toward the center of the body.

Outward rotation

When a limb or body part rotates away from the center of the body.