Personality disorders, psychotic disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and sex disorders
bulimia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by binge-eating followed by inappropriate compensatory methods to prevent weight gain, such as laxatives or vomiting
anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by the over-control of eating behavior and relentless pursuit of thinness;
restricting subtype
a subtype of anorexia nervosa that limits caloric intake via diet and fasting; dieting to an extreme
binge-eating-purging subtype
a subtype of anorexia nervosa where one eats large amounts of food in a short time followed by vomiting or using laxatives or diuretics to get rid of what was consumed
Maudsley Family-Based Treatment
a family therapy for the treatment of anorexia nervosa that consists of 3 phases; considered controversial as it can strain family relationships
weight gain
What is Phase 1 of Maudsley Family-Based Treatment?
kid gets control
What is Phase 2 of Maudsley Family-Based Treatment?
family therapy
What is Phase 3 of Maudsley Family-Based Treatment?
depressants
drugs that slow the activity of vital organs of the body, such as the CNS; examples include alcohol, sedatives, and anxiolytic drugs
stimulants
drugs that excite any bodily function, especially within the brain and CNS; examples include cocaine and nicotine
opioids
drugs that act as pain relievers; examples include heroin, morphine, and codeine
hallucinogens
drugs that alter sensory perception; examples include marijuana and LSD
inhalants
substances found in volatile solvents that are breathed directly into the lungs; examples include spray paint, paint thinner, and gasoline
positive
_____ symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions or hallucinations (mostly auditory).
negative
_____ symptoms of schizophrenia include apathy, alogia (absence of speech), or anhedonia (lack of interest).
Delusional Disorder
a disorder characterized by the presence of one or more delusions lasting a month or longer
delusions
a false fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence
erotomanic
delusions that another person is in love with you
grandiose
delusions of having some great (but unrecognized) talent or insight
jealous
delusions that your partner is being unfaithful
persecutory
delusions that youâre being conspired against/someoneâs out to get you
somatic
delusions that involve bodily functions or sensations
premorbid
not an official stage of schizophrenia/psychotic disorders; normal level of functioning
prodromal
the first stage of schizophrenia/psychotic disorders; clear deterioration in previous level of functioning prior to a psychotic episode
active
the second stage of schizophrenia/psychotic disorders; presence of psychotic behaviors/symptoms
residual
the third/final stage of schizophrenia/psychotic disorders; gradual improvement in functioning (expected return to prodromal stage)
Cluster A
for personality disorders, refers to odd or eccentric behavior; examples include paranoid PD, schizoid PD, schizotypal PD
Cluster B
for personality disorders, refers to dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors; examples include borderline PD, histrionic PD, narcissistic PD, and antisocial PD
Cluster C
for personality disorders, refers to anxious or fearful behaviors; examples include avoidant PD, dependent PD, and obsessive-compulsive PD
expressed emotion
a measure of the family environment that is based on how the relatives of a psychiatric patient spontaneously talk about the patient
FALSE
T/F: High EE (Expressed Emotion) causes schizophrenia.
schizophrenogenic mother
a family-based theory that a mother being cold to her children causes them to have schizophrenia; no research data that supports this
Batesonâs Double-bind hypothesis
states that a parent sending two conflicting messages simultaneously (ex: offering a hug and then becoming stiff/unreceiving) causes their child to develop schizophrenia; research does NOT support this theory
diathesis-stress model
suggests that people are born with a genetic/biological vulnerability to schizophrenia; environmental events would trigger the expression of the disorder
Schizophrenia
a disorder where psychotic symptoms last for more than 6 months
Schizophreniform Disorder
a disorder where psychotic symptoms last between 1-6 months
Brief Psychotic Disorder
a disorder where psychotic symptoms last less than a month
Schizoaffective Disorder
a disorder characterized by a combination of both schizophrenia symptoms and mood disorder symptoms
tolerance
a personâs diminished response to a drug that resulting from repeated use
withdrawal
symptoms such as anxiety, tremors, nausea, and hallucinations brought on by the sudden stoppage of drug use
intoxication
a state in which a person has consumed enough alcohol or drugs that their mood and physical and mental abilities are noticeably affected
substance use
taking moderate amounts of a substance in a way that doesnât interfere with functioning
substance abuse
using a substance in a way that is dangerous or causes substantial impairment (such as affecting work or relationships)
analgesics
another word for painkillers
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
for men, a disorder characterized by little to no interest in any type of sexual activity; masturbation, sexual fantasies, and intercourse are rare
Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
for women, a disorder characterized by a lack of or significantly-reduced sexual interest or arousal
Female Orgasmic Disorder
for women, a disorder characterized by a marked delay, absence, or decreased intensity of orgasms in almost all sexual encounters
Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
for women, a disorder characterized by difficulty with vaginal penetration during intercourse
Premature Ejaculation
for men, ejaculation occurring within a minute of penetration and before it is desired
Erectile Disorder
for men, difficulty obtaining and/or maintaining an erection despite intact sexual desire
performance anxiety
particularly for men, a pressure to perform sexual intercourse âwellâ
sensate focus
a technique that helps people train focus on physical sensations (ex: nonsexual touch, cuddling, etc.) to lower performance anxiety
strain gauge
a small cuff that wraps around the penis, measuring the speed and strength of oneâs erection
squeeze technique
a technique where the base of the erection is squeezed to eventually prolong how long the erection lasts without an orgasm
spectatoring
a person focusing on themselves from a third person perspective during sexual activity, rather than focusing on their sensations and sexual partner
fetish
a material object or nonsexual part of the body that arouses sexual interest or excitement
paraphilia
misplaced sexual attraction and arousal of inappropriate people, objects, or situations
Fetishistic Disorder
a disorder characterized by sexual attraction to nonhuman objects; objects can be inanimate and/or tactile
Voyeuristic Disorder
a disorder characterized by observing an unsuspecting individual undressing, naked, or engaged in sexual activity
Exhibitionistic Disorder
a disorder characterized by the exposure of genitals to unsuspecting strangers; element of thrill and risk is necessary for arousal
Frotteuristic Disorder
a disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of seeking sexual gratification from rubbing up against unwilling others; common situations include inside crowded elevators or subways
Transvestic Disorder
a disorder characterized by sexual arousal with the act of cross-dressing; only considered a disorder if it causes significant distress or impairment
Sexual Sadism Disorder
a disorder characterized by inflicting pain or humiliation to attain sexual gratification
Sexual Masochism Disorder
a disorder characterized by suffering pain or humiliation to attain sexual gratification
Pedophilic Disorder
a disorder characterized by a sexual attraction to prepubescent children
40%
According to the study mentioned in class, what percentage of men had some difficulty with erection/ejaculation?
63%
According to the study mentioned in class, what percentage of women had problems with arousal/orgasm?
Gender Dysphoria
the feeling of discomfort or distress that might occur in people whose gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth
Paranoid Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others being untrustworthy or conspirational
Schizoid Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by a lack of interest in close social relationships, secretiveness, emotional coldness, detachment, and apathy
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by a reduced capacity for close relationships, as well as cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentric behavior
Histrionic Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by a pattern of grandiosity and self-importance, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
Antisocial Personality Disorder
formerly known as sociopathy or psychopathy, a disorder characterized by a pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others, manipulative/exploitative behavior, and dishonesty
Borderline Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by an unstable perception of interpersonal relationships and self-image, impulsivity, and frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
dialectical behavioral therapy
also known as DBT, a type of therapy originating from CBT meant to help individuals who have difficulty with emotional regulation, or are exhibiting self-destructive behaviors
Avoidant Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation; âpathological shynessâ
Dependent Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by an excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behaviors in fear of separation
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
a disorder characterized by a preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control
TRUE
T/F: Schizophrenic individuals tend to be less violent than the general population.