Factories Act, 1948

"What is the definition of a 'factory' under the Act?","Premises with 10+ workers using power or 20+ without power engaged in manufacturing."

"Who is considered an 'occupier'?","A person with ultimate control over the factory's affairs."

"Define 'child', 'adolescent', and 'adult' as per Section 2.","Child:

"What does Section 11 mandate?","Daily cleaning and weekly disinfecting of factory premises."

"What is required under Section 13 for ventilation and temperature?","Adequate ventilation and temperature control in workrooms."

"What is the minimum cubic space per worker in new factories (Section 16)?","14.2 cubic meters."

"What does Section 18 require for drinking water?","Clean, labeled water points away from contamination; cooling required for >250 workers."

"What does Section 21 require for machinery?","Secure fencing of dangerous parts."

"Who can work on machinery in motion (Section 22)?","Only trained adult male workers in prescribed clothing."

"What does Section 27 prohibit?","Employment of women and children near cotton-openers unless partitioned."

"What is the role of Safety Officers under Section 40B?","Oversee safety compliance in factories with ≥1000 workers or hazardous processes."

"What facilities must be provided under Sections 42–49?","Washing, sitting, first-aid, canteens, restrooms, crèches, and welfare officers."

"When is a crèche mandatory (Section 48)?","If the factory employs more than 30 women workers."

"What is required under Section 45 for first-aid?","One box per 150 workers, managed by a certified person."

"What is the weekly working hour limit for adults (Section 51)?","48 hours."

"What is the daily limit (Section 54)?","9 hours."

"What is the overtime wage rate (Section 59)?","Twice the ordinary rate."

"How is annual leave calculated (Section 79)?","Adults: 1 day per 20 days worked; Children: 1 day per 15 days worked."

"What age is prohibited from factory work (Section 67)?","Below 14 years."

"What is required for adolescents to work (Section 69)?","Certificate of Fitness and a reference token."

"What are the working hour limits for children (Section 71)?","Max 4.5 hours/day; no night work."

"Which Article prohibits child labour?","Article 24."

"Which Article promotes just and humane work conditions?","Article 42."

"Which Article ensures participation of workers in management?","Article 43A."