Contact of Africa and Europe; Slavery and Slave Trade in Africa; The Solomonic Dynasty

Flashcards about the contacts of Africa with the outside world, slavery and slave trade in Africa, the legitimate trade, white settlement in South Africa, European explorers and missionaries, and the history of the states and peoples of the Ethiopian region and the Horn of Africa during the period between 1270 and the mid-16th century.

Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?

Portuguese prince who sponsored early explorations of the African coast.

What were the main motives of the Portuguese in exploring the African coast?

Gaining direct access to gold, bypassing Arab middlemen, and avoiding Turkish blockades.

Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?

Portuguese prince who sponsored early explorations of the African coast.

What were the main motives of the Portuguese in exploring the African coast?

Gaining direct access to gold, bypassing Arab middlemen, and avoiding Turkish blockades.

What did the Portuguese establish on the islands of Madeira, Azores and Cape Verde?

Sugar plantations.

Why is the region of modern-day Angola named Angola?

The Portuguese re-named the region after the royal title of Ngola.

Who was Queen Nzinga Mbande?

A skillful negotiator and military strategist, who led the early anti-colonial resistance of her people for four decades (1620s - 1660s), foiling many Portuguese attempts to capture or kill her.

What caused the collapse of the Kingdom of Kongo towards the end of the 17th century?

Slave raids and invasions by the Jaga (Imbangala) people.

Besides the Trans-Atlantic slave trade what other slave trades exported enslaved Africans?

Trans-Saharan, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean.

How were slaves acquired in the villages of coastal or interior Africa?

Warfare, market supply, raiding and kidnapping, tribute and pawning (mortgage).

How were slaves often integrated into the kin of their owners in most African societies?

Adoption or marriage.

Which slave trade contributed to the rise and consolidation of West African states?

The Trans-Atlantic slave trade.

Who were the major participants in the Trans-Saharan trade?

North African Arabs and Berbers.

What was the increased demand of enslaved East Africans due to?

Sugar and coffee plantations in Mauritius and Reunion.

Which European country became the single largest exporter of African slaves in the 18th century?

Britain.

What did West European merchants bring from Europe to Africa in exchange for slaves during the triangular trade?

Clothes, alcoholic beverages, metal wares and firearms.

What were the most important factors leading to the abolition of the slave trade?

Plantation production and slave trade became unprofitable due to the Industrial Revolution.

Which European governments outlawed slave trading by their citizens?

Denmark in 1803, Britain in 1807, the United States in 1808, Sweden in 1813, the Netherlands in 1814, and France in 1818.

Europeans needed sufficient knowledge about Africa`s potential as a source of raw materials, cheap labour and new markets for European manufactured goods which triggered what?

Exploration

Which empire expelled Portuguese from Zimbabwe region?

Rozwi Empire

Which African nation experienced slave trade till 1935?

Ethiopia

Which settlement emerged as a result of new sea routes and exploration of Africa?

South Africa.

What are Dutch farmers called?

Boers also called Afrikaners

Name two other settlement made by Boers other than the Cafe and Natal

Orange Free State, Transvaal

What was the effect of the CMS paying to keep the British in Bugunda?

It saved their mission and helped to promote Protestant Christianity and helped smooth the way for the formal declaration of the British Protectorate of Uganda in 1894.

Which European power did make early contacts with coastal Africa in the 15th and 16th centuries almost in all directions?

The Portuguese.

Why were the Portuguese successful with the northern kingdom of Mwene Mutapa?

To persuade the King to give them possession of some mines and permission to settle along the Zambezi River in northern Mozambique.

What was the result of British Naval Forces patrolling the Atlantic Ocean?

African manpower had to remain in Africa to be used in mining fields in the continent.

Who benefited from the 'legitimate trade'?

A small minority of wealthy rulers and merchants.

What characterized the 16th century history of the Ethiopian region?

The coming of Jesuit missionaries and the Oromo population movement.

Why did the new dynasty call themselves the 'Solomonic dynasty'?

To justify their legitimacy.

Who founded the Solomonic Dynasty?

Yikuno Amlak.

What was the Gult system?

Gult was a right to levy tribute on the owners of Rist land and its produce.

Why were mobile nature of the royal court the main feature of the medieval period?

There was no permanent capital city.

How was problem of succession in the dynasty resolved.

The mountain fortress of Amba Gishen or Debre Negest (Mountain of Kings) was established around 1300.

Which king made the Christian highland kingdom started vigorous territorial expansion?

Amde Tsiyon.

Who did Amde Tsiyon appoint in what is now Eritrea?

He appointed a governor with the title of Ma`ikele Bahr (later, Bahire Negash).

Who founded the Sultanate of Adal towards the end of the 14th century?

The Walasma rulers of Ifat.

Which ruler of Adal had series of attacks on the Christian Highland Kingdom?

Mahfuz

What was the dynasty which founded Adal

Walasma

What type of assistance to Libne Dingill was rejected but was granted for Galawdewos

Portuguese

What grave mistake Ahmad commit as he sent many Ottoman military away?

By sending most of the Ottoman musketeers back to their home country.

What was the reason that the war Imam Ahmad launched against the Christian highland kingdom?

The Walasma Sultans and the kings of the Christian highland kingdom over the control of Zeyla trade.

What territories did the 'Solomonic dynasty' inherited from Zagwe administration?

Tigray, Lasta, Bete-Amhara and Shewa.

Where are the Oromo originated from

Bale.

Wich Solomonic ruler brought to and defeated Yekono Amlak

Haile Sellase

Who challenged King David I of Christian highlanders

Sa`ad ad-Din II

Which branch of Army defeated Ennarya kingdom

Limmu Oromo