Chapter 16: Capital and Labor

Industrial capitalism

________ realized the greatest advances in efficiency and productivity that the world had ever seen, but it also created millions of low- paid, unskilled, unreliable jobs with long hours and dangerous working conditions.

William Jennings Bryan

________ (March 19, 1860- July 26, 1925) accomplished many different things in his life: he was a skilled orator, a Nebraska congressman, a three- time presidential candidate, U.S. secretary of state under Woodrow Wilson, and a lawyer who supported prohibition and opposed Darwinism.

socialist movement

The ________ drew from a diverse constituency, party membership was open to all regardless of race, gender, class, ethnicity, or religion.

War era

The post- Civil ________ saw revolutions in American industry, which had become cheaper and more efficient.

Taylorism

________ encouraged manufacturers to increase efficiency by subdividing tasks.

Texas

________ agrarians met in Lampasas, ________, in 1877 and organized the first Farmers Alliance to restore some economic power to farmers as they dealt with railroads, merchants, and bankers.

Karl Marx

________ described the new industrial economy as a worldwide class struggle between the wealthy bourgeoisie, who owned the means of production, such as factories and farms, and the proletariat, factory workers and tenant farmers who worked only for the wealth of others.

Omaha Platform

The ________ and the larger Populist movement sought to counter the scale and power of monopolistic capitalism with a strong, engaged, and modern federal government.

AFL

The ________ only allowed skilled laborers and aimed for practical gains (higher wages, fewer hours, and safer conditions) while trying to avoid strikes.

Populists

________ attracted supporters across the nation by appealing to those convinced that there were deep flaws in the political economy of Gilded Age America, flaws that both political parties refused to address.

American socialists

________ carried on the Populists radical tradition by uniting farmers and workers in a sustained, decades- long political struggle to reorder American economic life.

William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860-July 26, 1925) accomplished many different things in his life

he was a skilled orator, a Nebraska congressman, a three-time presidential candidate, U.S. secretary of state under Woodrow Wilson, and a lawyer who supported prohibition and opposed Darwinism

The notion of a glittering world of wealth and technological innovation masking massive social inequities and deep-seated corruption

What gave the Gilded Age its name?

The idea that the fittest demonstrated their superiority through economic success

What is social Darwinism?

Knights of Labor

The ________________________ was a "radical" labor union who welcomed all laborers (with a few exceptions) and wanted a society that rewarded labor instead of capitol

American Federation of Labor

The ___________________________ was a more conservative labor union who only allowed skilled laborers as members and aimed for practical gains

The Populist's Party

The ___________________ were a left-wing agrarian populist political party that was formed by the Farmer's Alliance

Farmers' Alliance

The __________________ was an economic movement among American farmers that flourished in the late 1800s

Omaha Platform

The __________________ was the party program adopted at the formative convention of the Populist Party

Bourgeoisie

The ______________ were those who owned the means of production (as defined by socialists)

Proletariat

The _________________ were factory workers and farmers who worked only for the wealth of others (as defined by socialists)

Gold Standard Act

The ________________________ put the US on the gold standard and ended the debate over the nation's monetary policy