U.S. Constitutional Foundations and Early Political Developments

Articles of Confederation

1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Land Ordinance of 1785

Shay's Rebellion

A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes

Virginia Plan

"Large state" proposal for the new constitution, calling for proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning representation.

New Jersey Plan

The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population.

Great Compromise

Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house

U.S. Constitution

The document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets forth the institutional structure of the U.S. government and the tasks these institutions perform. It replaced the Articles of Confederation.

Three-Fifths Compromise

Compromise between northern and southern states at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives.

Virginia Statues of Religious Freedom

Bill of Rights

First 10 amendments to the Constitution

Supremacy Clause

Article VI of the Constitution, which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws when the national government is acting within its constitutional limits.

Judiciary Act of 1789

funding at par

Assumption of State Debts

Excise Tax on Whiskey

Whiskey Rebellion

Bank of the United States

Compromise of 1790

Loose Construction vs Strict Construction

Reign of Terror

This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed.

Neutrality Proclamation of 1793

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Treaty of Greenville (1795)

Little Turtle

Impact of French Revolution

Impressment

Jay's Treaty (1794)

Pinckney's Treaty

Farewell Address (1797)

Federalist Party

Democratic-Republican Party

George Washington

John Adams

Alexander Hamilton

Thomas Jefferson

James Madison

Quasi War (1798-1800)

XYZ Affair (1797)

Convention of 1800

High Federalists

Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

Kentucky and Virginia Resolves 1798

Compact Theory

Revolution of 1800

Aaron Burr

John Jay

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand

Louis XVI

"Mad Anthony" Wayne

Sally Hemings

Judiciary Act of 1801

Midnight Appointments

John Marshall

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Tripolitian War (1801-1805)

Haitian Revolution (1791-1801)

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Corps of Discovery (1804-1806)

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Orders in Council

Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

Embargo Act of 1807

Non-Intercourse Act of 1809

War Hawks

Battle of Tippecanoe

Tecumseh and the Prophet

Napoleon Bonaparte

Sacajawea

War of 1812

Battle of New Orleans

Congress of Vienna

Treaty of Ghent (1815)

Hartford Convention (1814-1815)

Francis Scott Key

Oliver Hazard Perry