4.3 - Columbian Exchange

what is the Columbian Exchange?

interactions between America and Afro-Eurasia

most Americans were killed by ___ from Europe because they had ___

diseases, no immunity

Americans lost up to ___ to ___ percent of their population (depending on the location) due to Europeans

50, 90

what were 2 major environmental goods in the Columbian Exchange?

disease and agriculture

before the Columbian Exchange, Mesoamericans consumed very little…

meat

who was the VOC nutmeg guy?

Jan Coens

how did horses affect Native Americans culturally?

decreasing hunting time for more artistic pursuit

what was one way horses negatively impacted Native Americans?

changing armed conflict between tribes

Europeans mainly took _____ from the Americas

agricultural products

… superseded silver as a _____

sugar, main moneymaker

why did Europeans have to bring enslaved Africans? (in Brazil_

native Brazilians fled into the jungle

what are engenhos?

engines

how were conditions at engenhos?

horrible

how did bringing enslaved Africans impact language?

by creating new languages called creole

what is creole?

hybrid language between colonizer and African language

why did African populations grow despite slave trading?

introduction of nutritious foods like yam

what were three ways bringing enslaved Africans affected culture?

music, language, and food

what are Negro spirituals?

blend of Christian and African music

how did the growing of crops environmentally affect the Americas?

by depleting the environment

how did Europeans live differently compared to American Indians?

they lived in more dense places