Science 10 Unit C Biology Review

Flashcards for Science 10 Unit C Biology Review

Cell Theory - Point 1

All living things are made up of one or more cells

Cell Theory - Point 2

All life functions occur in cells

Cell Theory - Point 3

All cells come from pre-existing cells (through cell division)

Centrioles

Animal cells possess centrioles, whereas plant cells do not.

Cell Walls and Chloroplasts

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, whereas animal cells do not.

Vacuoles and Vesicles in Plant vs. Animal Cells

Animal cells typically have smaller vacuoles and vesicles, whereas plant cells often have one large vacuole.

Diaphragm (Microscope)

Adjusts the amount of light passing through the specimen.

Ocular Lens

Focus image into eye

Arm (Microscope)

Connects the objective lenses to the body.

Stage (Microscope)

Supports the slide being viewed.

Course Adjustment Knob

Used for coarse focusing

Fine Adjustment Knob

Used for fine focusing

Base (Microscope)

Supports the microscope.

Mitochondria

Produces ATP

Ribosomes

Produces proteins

Vacuoles

Stores food, water, or wastes

Nucleus

Contains DNA

Chloroplast

Converts solar energy to chemical energy

Lysosome

Is used to digest material inside the cell

Cell Wall

Protects the cell membrane

Golgi Apparatus

Packages substances for secretion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Intracellular transport

Cell Membrane

Gatekeeper' of the cell

Mitochondria (& Chloroplast)

Powerhouse of the cell

Isotonic

Solution with the same solute concentration as the cell.

Hypertonic

Solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell.

Hypotonic

Solution with a lower solute concentration than the cell.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Diffusion

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Semi-permeable

Only allows certain particles through.

Concentration Gradient

Difference in concentration in a given area.

Equilibrium

State of balance between opposing actions.

Photosynthesis Equation

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Cellular Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2

Effect of Hypotonic Solution on Animal Cell

The cell would swell because water moves into the cell.

Effect of Hypertonic Solution on Animal Cell

The cell would shrink because water leaves the cell.

Effect of Isotonic Solution on Animal Cell

The cell size would remain constant.

Auxins

The side of the plant kept in the shade elongates promoting growth toward the sun.

Specialized Cells that Move Water from Roots to Leaves

Xylem Tissue Cells

Root Pressure

Root pressure is created when water flows into the root system, trying to dilute the solutes inside.

Adaptations of a Cactus

Reduce the amount of water lost by transpiration.

Difference Between Xylem and Phloem Cells

Xylem cells are dead while phloem cells are alive.

Properties of Water

Cohesion, adhesion

Processes for Moving Water and Nutrients

Osmosis/diffusion, adhesion/cohesion, transpiration

Effect of Damaged Xylem

They are no longer able to move food from the leaves to the roots of the plant, and once the roots die, the plant dies.

Plant Respones to Stimuli

Tropisms

Darwin and His Son - Oat Seedlings

Phototropism

Why plant sense Up

B. to make the plant out compete neighbouring plants for sunlight

Frits Went Chemical Name

Auxin