Studied by 4 people
Fort Sumter
the location of a standoff between the Union and the Confederacy that lasted 33 hours with no casualties
border states
states between the North and South that were divided over whether to remain in the Union or join the Confederacy
cotton diplomacy
methods used by the South to persuade Great Britain and France to join the Confederacy by restricting the trade of cotton
First Battle of Bull Run
the first major battle of the Civil War which took place in Manassas, Virginia and in which Confederate troops forced the Union soldiers to retreat
Seven Days' Battle
a battle in Virginia in which Confederate forces turned back General George B. McClellan
Second Battle of Bull Run
a battle in Virginia which Confederate forces turned back General John Pope
Battle of Antietam
a battle known as the deadliest single day of fighting in the war, with 6,000 soldiers dead and 17,000 wounded
ironclads
ships covered with iron armor
Battle of Shiloh
a battle in which General Ulysses S. Grant and troops headed south toward Corinth, Mississippi and fought the Confederacy near a church of the same name
Siege of Vicksburg
a battle in which General Ulysses S. Grant surrounded and blockaded a town in Mississippi, splitting the Confederacy in two
emancipation
freedom
Emancipation Proclamation
a document that made it illegal for all people to own others as property, which technically made slavery illegal
contrabands
items that are imported or exported illegally
54th Massachusetts Infantry
one of the best-known African American regiments
copperheads
a group of Union Democrats that were against the Civil War and wanted to make peace with the Confederates
habeas corpus
a legal process that prohibits the government from jailing anyone without legal grounds
Battle of Gettysburg
a battle that took away the Confederacy's hope of earning Britain and France as allies and inspired an address made by President Lincoln
Pickett's Charge
an unsuccessful attempt to break through the Union's defense during the Battle of Gettysburg
Gettysburg Address
a speech made by President Lincoln that honored those who fought in the Battle of Gettysburg and stated his plans for the nation
Appomattox Courthouse
the building in which General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant, ending the Civil War
Reconstruction
a period after the Civil War when people tried to rebuild the country
Ten Percent Plan
a plan by President Lincoln that offered amnesty to most Confederates and required 10% of voters to take an oath of loyalty to the Union
Thirteenth Amendment
the amendment that ended slavery
Freedmen's Bureau
an agency that helped freed African Americans by giving them resources and education
Black Codes
laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and assure the continuance of white supremacy
Radical Republicans
a group of Republicans that advocated for a more demanding approach to Reconstruction
Civil Rights Act of 1866
a law that protected the rights of newly freed slaves
Fourteenth Amendment
the amendment that ensured citizenship to all Americans, regardless of race
Reconstruction Acts
military laws that stated the requirements to be readmitted to the Union
impeachment
the act of charging a holder of public office for wrongdoing
Fifteenth Amendment
the amendment that allowed all men to vote, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
Ku Klux Klan
a secret society that used terror tactics to intimidate African Americans
Compromise of 1877
a deal that settled the disputed election of 1876
poll tax
a voting fee that stopped many African Americans from voting
segregation
the separation of different racial groups
Jim Crow Laws
state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
a decision in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was allowed as long as the facilities for each race were equal
sharecropping
an arrangement in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land
Abraham Lincoln
the 16th president of the United who was famous for the Emancipation Proclamation
Winfield Scott
a Union general who was famous for his army's defense during the Battle of Gettysburg
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson
a Confederate general that got his nickname for holding his position very well in the Battle of Bull Run
George B. McClellan
a Union general who led the Union army to victory in the Battle of Antietam
Robert E. Lee
one of the most well-known Confederate generals that led the Confederate army during the Civil War
Ulysses S. Grant
one of the most well-known Union generals that led the Union army to victory in the Civil war and also became the 18th president
David Farragut
a Union general that captured New Orleans, stopping the Confederacy from using the Mississippi River to send their supplies to sea
Clara Barton
a woman who worked as a battlefield nurse during the Civil War and founded the Red Cross
George Pickett
a Confederate general who led his troops into open fire during the Battle of Gettysburg
William Tecumseh Sherman
a man who "marched to the sea" from Atlanta to Savannah, destroying everything in his path
Andrew Johnson
the 17th president of the United States who became president after Lincoln was assassinated
Hiram Revels
the first African American to serve in Congress
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Flashcard (39)