AP Biology Unit 3

What does a Eukaryotic cell have?

• true nucleus

• membrane bound organelles to increase efficiency

• reproduction through mitosis/meiosis

What does a Prokaryotic cell have?

• no true Nucleus

• reproduction through binary fission

• carries all cellular process in cytoplasm

mitochondria

Produce ATP through cellular respiration

lysosome

break down and recycle - this is because they have digestive enzymes 

Golgi Apparatus

Packages proteins to send them off

Rough ER

makes,modifies, and sends proteins

ribosomes

synthesize proteins

What organelles make up the endomembrane system? What is the pathway?

1. Nuclear Envelope

2. Rough ER

3. Golgi

4. Cell Membrane

What is the evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

• double membrane

• own ribosomes

• own dna

• reproduce independently

Why the the cell membrane considered to be a fluid mosaic?

Because the phospholipids/ proteins move freely within and its made up of different lipids, proteins and carbs. 

Smooth ER

Synthesizes lipids and detoxifies, stores calcium ions

What goes through in passive transport?

ions/molecules moving from high to low

What goes through Active transport?

going against the concentration gradient, from low to high

What is facilitated diffusion

Polar molecules blocked go through with transport proteins since they are bigger

What is simple diffusion?

Nonpolar and small molecules that can pass through with no help