Pre Colombian and Colonial America Test

People first arrived in the Americas via the Bering Land Bridge.

How do we currently believe people first got to the Americas?

Oldest American Civilization: Olmec.

What is currently the oldest America Civilization we know of (hint: rubber)?

The civilization that built large pyramids: Maya.

What civilization came next and built large pyramids and temples from 1000BC to 900 AD?

orphans, prisoners, slaves ‘children, people in debt.

The Mayans had slaves but it was not based on race, what two things were slavery based on in the past?

Aztecs and Mayans practiced human sacrifice.

The Aztecs and Mayans worshipped many gods, but what did they practice to please the gods?

Maya

Who created the only writing system in the Americas?

Aztec

What civilization was founded on a marshy lake in 1100 AD?

The Inca

What civilization started in the Andes Mountains?

The Spain

What Empire conquered the Aztecs and Inca?

Mississippians

What civilization made its home between three US Rivers and built mounds?

Maiz (corn)

What was the most important crop to most of the Americas?

Demonstration

How did the Natives get it since it was not created by Mother Nature?

potato

What crop did the Inca depend on as it could be stored for 10 years?

Terrace farming

How did the Incas grow crops in the mountains?

Horse, pigs, goats, cows, sheep.

What 5 animals did Europe domesticate that didn’t exist in the Americas?

The Llamas

What was the largest domesticated animal in the Americas?

Burning landscape

What did native people start doing on purpose after watching Mother Nature?

Flat surface for agriculture and transformation.

What are two reasons they did this (#17)?

The bison

What’s the most important animal to natives in the central U.S. that provided food, tools and clothing?

Amazon

What is the largest river in the Americas?

The Anasazi

What group of Native Americans had a civilization in Chaco Canyon and built the largest structures in North America?

Land, fertile soil, forests, and fish.

What two resources did the Europeans nearly deplete that America had bountiful amounts of?

Christpher Columbus

Who finds and opens the Americas to Europe in 1492 changing the world forever?

Gold, Glory, God.

What are the 3 g’s or reasons for exploration?

Europeans didn't go to Asia by land due to conflict with Islamic empires.

Why do Europeans not go to Asia by land?

The Portugal

What was the first European country to Explore because of their geographic location?

The Spain

What is the second country to start exploring after they hire Columbus?

Spain had extra money after attacking Moors and acquiring resources.

Why did this country (#27) all of a sudden have extra money to spend?

Sir Francis Drake

Who did England send to explore the world and he ended up being the 2^nd person to circumnavigate the world?

Canada

Jacque Cartier claimed what modern country for France?

Encomienda

What was the Spanish system that gave colonists land and natives in return for converting them to Christianity?

Hernan Cortez

Who (person and country) conquered the Aztecs?

Gun, Horses, disease

What 3 major advantages did the previous (#32) answer have?

English and Dutch both sought land, resources, and religious and freedom.

What did the English have in common with the Dutch that made them help in their revolt against Spain?

Jamestown

What is the first successful British Colony (although many people still die)?

Tobacco

What crop become the most lucrative ($) in North America that will cause some people to starve?

Jamestown , house of Bruges

What colony had the first popularity elected legislature in the new world?

Georgia

What colony was created as a buffer between England and Spanish, French and Indian Territory?

Religious disagreements in Europe led many to America.

What event in Europe caused so many religious disagreements that many people came to America?

Pilgrims

What two groups of people from England came to America to avoid persecution

White, Freeman, owning land, and membership of church.

In the Bay Colonies what were the 3 requirements to vote?

restricted trade to English and certain countries.

The Navigation Acts said that the America colonies could only trade with who?

The quakers

Pennsylvania was created by what group of people who were persecuted in England?

Bacon's Rebellion

What system gave the rich 50 acres of land for every person they brought to the New World?

America, Africa, and Europe

Triangular Trade was trade between what 3 areas?

Whipping, branding, hanging, cat hauled.

What are 3 punishments or atrocities committed against slaves?

1:20

What was the ratio of slaves brought to America compared to all of the New World?

Bacon’s Rebellion

What rebellion made rich planters realize they needed a more easily controlled workforce?

Great Awakening religious revivals, that let Americans be American

What event unified the colonies for the first time as preachers tried to get Americans back in the church?

British-French conflict.

What war broke out between Britain and France that would help lead to the American Revolution?

five English colonies in North America were mentioned: Puritan Massachusetts, Georgia, New England Colonies, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies. 1. Puritan Massachusetts: Puritan Massachusetts was established as a religious community based on the Bible. The Puritans believed they had a holy mission to show the world how to live. The colony was closely regulated, and religious dissent was not tolerated. Its importance lies in its role as a beacon of religious purity and a model for other colonies. 2. Georgia: Georgia was founded in 1733, making it the last of the thirteen colonies to be established. It was created as a buffer colony between the British colonies and Spanish Florida. Georgia served as a defensive outpost against Spanish expansion and also as a place for debtors and poor English citizens to start anew. 3. New England Colonies: The New England Colonies, including Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire, had rocky soil, a short growing season, and good harbors. These factors shaped their economy, which relied on small family farms, trade, crafts, and manufacturing. The New England Colonies were the nearest to Britain and had a strong connection to the mother country. 4. Middle Colonies: The Middle Colonies, including Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, had a mixed economy. They were known as the "bread basket" of the colonies due to their favorable climate and soil. The Middle Colonies had good harbors, with Philadelphia being the second-largest city in the British Empire after London. Their economy was based on family farming, trade, and manufacturing. 5. Southern Colonies: The Southern Colonies, particularly the Chesapeake area, had a long growing season, fertile soil, and abundant rainfall. These conditions allowed for the cultivation of staple crops like rice, indigo, and tobacco on plantations. The Southern Colonies heavily relied on slave labor for agricultural production.

Explain 5 English colonies and explain their importance and/or why they were created?

the English colonies in North America, particularly in areas such as Jamestown and Massachusetts Bay, focused on establishing permanent settlements and developing agricultural economies. The Spanish colonies in Latin America, on the other hand, were primarily focused on extracting valuable resources, such as gold and silver, from the region. The French colonies in North America, such as New France (present-day Canada), focused on fur trade and establishing alliances with Native American tribes. In terms of success in colonization, it can be argued that the Spanish were the most successful. Despite their weak economy and limited resources, the Spanish were able to establish vast colonial territories in Latin America, including present-day Mexico, Peru, and parts of Central and South America. They exploited the region's resources, particularly precious metals, and established a system of governance and administration that lasted for centuries. The Spanish also imposed their language, culture, and religion on the indigenous populations, leaving a lasting impact on the region.

How were English, Spanish and French colonies in the Americas different? Argue what country was the most successful in their colonization of the Americas?