Untitled Flashcards Set

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

The medical term for stroke, which can be ischemic or hemorrhagic.

Coup/Contrecoup

A type of brain injury where the brain moves back and forth causing damage at the site of impact and the opposite side.

Anomia

Difficulty coming up with the words you want to say.

Open Head Injury

A Traumatic Brain Injury that penetrates into the scalp, skull, and meninges.

Paraphasia

Sound and word substitutions made by a person with aphasia, usually occurring in fluent speech.

Broca’s Area

Part of the brain related to programming motor movements for speech; damage here causes expressive language problems.

Dementia

An impairment in memory and cognitive functions resulting in significant social and occupational impairment.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Hearing loss associated with problems in the cochlea and/or auditory nerve.

Neologism

Words made up by patients with aphasia, used as if they are understood.

Wernicke’s Area

Part of the brain primarily responsible for language comprehension and formulation.

Conductive Hearing Loss

Hearing loss caused by problems in the outer or middle ear that inhibit sound transmission.

Aphasia

The loss of the ability to comprehend or formulate language due to neurological damage.

Right Hemisphere Disorder

A condition where language is intact, but deficits are primarily in communication, attention, and cognition.

Perseveration

Unintentional repetition of a word, sound, or movement.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Damage to the brain that is externally induced.

Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)

The artery that provides blood and oxygen to critical language areas of the brain.

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A type of aphasia characterized by fluent but nonsensical speech, with primary difficulties in understanding language.

Global Aphasia

The most severe form of aphasia, affecting both expressive and receptive language abilities.

Broca’s Aphasia

A type of aphasia where speech is nonfluent and the individual has relatively intact comprehension.

Right Hemisphere Disorder Characteristics

Deficits in understanding non-literal language, attention issues, and problems with executive functions.

Traumatic Brain Injury Causes

Common causes include car accidents, sports injuries, falls, assaults, and gunshot wounds.

Aphasia and Intelligence

Aphasia does not affect a person's intelligence.

Anomic Aphasia

A type of aphasia characterized by difficulty finding words, especially nouns.

outer ear

Acoustic energy

Goals of Newborn Hearing Screenings

To identify hearing loss early for optimal language development and communication skills.

Primary Motor Cortex

Located in the frontal lobe, it controls the muscles involved in speech production.

Arcuate Fasciculus

A bundle of nerve fibers connecting Broca’s Area and Wernicke’s Area, facilitating communication for fluent speech.

middle ear

mechanical energy

inner ear

hydraulic energy

from inner ear to brain

electrical energy