CIS 125 Ch.1 Quiz

Information Technology

hardware, software and media used to store, organize, retrieve and communicate information

Information systems

organized combination of hardware, software, infrastructure, data and people used to accomplish a specified organizational or personal objective

What do technologies have in common?

they deal with information

What are the three emerging technologies that will have a great impact on the future?

5G, IoT, and AI

What is 5G?

Fifth-generation cellular networking which can handle information better than prior generations.

IoT

Internet of Things; refers to an infinite network of connected sensors embedded in physical objects

Examples of IoT

smart homes, sensors in automated cars, and fitness trackers

IoT Percentage in security and surveillance

40%

IoT percentage in industrial automation & manufacturing

39%

IoT percentage in Process automation

also 39%

IoT percentage in Environmental, social, & corporate governance

33%

IoT percentage in Advanced measurement infrastructure & smart meters

32%

IoT Percentage in connected consumer electronics

29%

What is AI?

Artificial Intelligence; a family of technology that is close to the human cognitive abilities; used in many tools such as machine learning, natural language processing, and expert systems

Generative AI

tools that create content such as text, images, videos, & audio; includes ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, etc.; can supplement human activity like brainstorming and critiquing

How to use AI responsibly?

Encourage learning (not bypass it); collaboration (not substitution); avoid plagiarism; be transparent; be critical; keep data privacy; check to see if it is approved by professor

What is VR?

Virtual Reality; fully immersive experience in which the tech makes you sense that you are in a different environment

What is AR?

Augmented Reality; systems overlay information on top of elements of the real world

Mixed Reality

combines elements of real and virtual worlds allowing users to interact with both physical and virtual worlds

DIK Hierarch

Data—→Information——>Knowledge——>Wisdom

Data

raw, unorganized facts, observations, and symbols with no inherent meaning on their own

Information

Data that has been organized, processed, and structured to provide context and meaning, often answering "Who," "What," "When," and "Where" questions.

Knowledge

A deeper comprehension of information, including concepts, principles, and axioms, derived from processed information and experience

Wisdom

The ability to apply knowledge, often with ethical consideration and foresight, to make sound decisions and predictions.

Connectedness

information requires connecting data elements to give them context and meaning

Usefulness

information that is interpreted and applied is useful, leading to knowledge

What does poor information literacy lead to?

information asymmetries

Good quality information in business improves

productivity, regulatory compliance, high-quality decision making

Bad information can cause

Legal issues, harmed reputations, missed opportunities, lost revenue

Intrinsic Quality

important dimensions of quality regardless of the context or how the information is represented.

Contextual Quality

dimensions that may be viewed differently depending on the task at hand.

Representational quality

how the information is provided to the user.

Accessibility Quality

whether authorized users can easily access the information.

Information Quality Dimensions

Accurate Info.

correct; free from error and is reliable

Believable

regarded as credible and true

Objective

free from bias

Understandable

easily comprehend

Consistent

compatible with previous info.

Relevant

applicable and useful for task at hand

timely

available in time to perform the task at hand

complete

of sufficient depth and breadth for task at hand

current

sufficiently up-to-date for task at hand

Business uses of info.

communication, support processes, decision making

Business process

What do information systems careers focus on?

designing, building, supporting, or managing information systems

Information analysis careers do what?

they make use of systems to retrieve, report, and analyze information contained in the systems