IB Chemistry HL - CHAPTER 7
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19 Terms
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Conditions of dynamic equilibrium
1. the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
2. happen in a closed system.
3. the concentrations of the reactants and products is constant.
4. there are no changes in macroscopic properties.
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Reaction constant
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Kc > 1
Greatest concentration of products.
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Kc < 1
Greatest concentration of reactants.
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New reaction constant by doubling coefficients
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New reaction constant by reversing the reaction
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The reaction quotient,Q
The reaction quotient, Q, is the ratio of products and reactants for a reaction that has not yet reached equilibrium.
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Q = Kc
The reaction is at equilibrium
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Q < Kc
The reaction proceeds to the right
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Q > Kc
The reaction proceeds to the left
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Increase in concentration of reactants
Reaction proceeds to the right.
No change in Kc.
No change in Kc.
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Decrease in concentration of reactants
Reaction proceeds to the left.
No change in Kc.
No change in Kc.
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Increase in concentration of products
Reaction proceeds to the left.
No change in Kc.
No change in Kc.
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Decrease in concentration of products
Reaction proceeds to the right.
No change in Kc.
No change in Kc.
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Increase in temperature
Reaction proceeds to the endothermic side (+T = +∆H).
Kc changes.
Kc changes.
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Decrease in temperature
Reaction proceeds to the exothermic side (-T = -∆H).
Kc changes.
Kc changes.
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Increase in pressure
Reaction proceeds to the side with the least gaseous molecules.
No change in Kc.
No change in Kc.
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Increase in pressure
Reaction proceeds to the side with the most gaseous molecules.
No change in Kc.
No change in Kc.
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Effect of a catalyst
No change.
Note 
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