Studied by 5 people
Sports Medicine
Synarthroadial Joint
Little to no movement, [fibrous joint}
Sutures
Between skull bones/ flat bones [fibrous joint]
Syndesmoses
Bones separated by some distance and held together with ligaments [fibrous joint]
Gomphones
Pegs fitted into sockets (ex teeth) [fibrous joint]
Amphiarthordial Joints
Slight movement [cartilagenous joint]
Synchondrosis
Hyaline cartilage connecting bones [cartilaginous joint]
Symphysis
Fibrocartilage joining the joint together [cartilaginous joint]
Fibrocartilage
Extra cartilage joint where there is much strain [cartilaginous joint]
Diarthrodial Joints
Freely moveable [synovial] Contain synovial fluid, surfaces are covered by articular cartilage, synovial membrane lines the cavity but not articular cartilage
Plane or gliding joint
2 opposed flat surfaces gliding over each other [diarthrodial]
Saddle Joint
Concave and convex bone ends, can occur in 2 planes (flexion/extension and abduction/adduction) [diarthrodial]
Hinge joint
One plane cylindrical joint into a concave one [diarthrodial]
Pivot joint
a rotation around a single axis, cylindrical bone rotation around a bone/ligament [Diarthrodial]
Ball and Socket
head into a concave socket, wide range of motion [Diarthrodial]
Ellipsoid/Condyloid
elongated ball and socket [Diarthrodial]
Bone functions
Mobility, blood production, structure, protection, storage (fat, minerals), regulating PH
Skull
Axial
Mandible
Axial
Sternum
Axial
Ribs
Axial
Vertebral column
Axial
Sacrum
Axial
Coccyx
Axial
Clavicle
Appendicular
Humerus
Appendicular
Ulna
Appendicular
Radius
Appendicular
Carpals
Appendicular
Metacarpals
Appendicular
Phalanges
Appendicular
coxa
Appendicular
Femur
Appendicular
Patella
Appendicular
Tibia
Appendicular
Fibula
Appendicular
Tarsals
Appendicular
Metatarsals
Appendicular
Phalanges
Appendicular
Hyaline cartilage
Bone growth, rigid with flexibility, evenly dispersed collagen fibers, (trachea, bronchi, ribs, nose, articulating bone surface)
Fibrocartilage
Somewhat flexible, withstands a lot of pressure, thick bundles of collagen fibers (intervertebral disks, articular disks, symphysis pubis)
Elastic cartilage
Similar to hyaline cartilage but contains elastic fivers, rigid but more flexible, returns to original shape after being stretched (ears)
Circumduction
Best preformed in ball and socket joints (metacarpalphalangeal and metatarsalphalangeal joints, wrists0
Rotation
Best performed by pivot joints in the transverse plane (shoulders, hips,head)
Dislocation
Bone slipping out of a join
Subluxation
Partial joint dislocation
Open Fracture
Through skin (compound)
Closed fracture
Not Preforated (simple)
Complete fracture
Bone is totally separated
Incomplete fracture
Not completely broken apart
Comminuted fracture
Shattered
Impacted fracture
Pushed into another bone
Avulsion Fracture
Rips off part of the bone
Greenstick fracture
One side broken one side bent (children)
Linear fracture
Parallel to the long axis
Transverse fracture
Straight across
Spiral fracture
Caused by rotational force
Oblique fraction
Broken at an angle
Periosteum
Irregular dense fibrous connective tissue, covers shaft and part of the head
Articular cartilage
Smooth cap of hyaline cartilage where bone articulates
Diaphisys
Whole central shaft of the long bone
Epiphysis
Heads of the long bone
Medullary Cavity
In the Diaphysis, made of cancellous and compact bone w yellow bone marrow
Endosteum
Lines the medullary cavity inside of the compact bone
Long bones
Longer than they are wide (upper and lower limbs)
Short bones
Almost cuboidal, long as they are wide (wrist and ankle)
Flat bones
Sheetlike and curved (skull, ribs, scapula)
Irregular bones
Anything else (vertebrae, facial)
Cervical spine
first 7 vertebrae (neck)
Thoracic spine
Middle back 12 vertebrae
Lumbar spine
lower back 5 vertebrae L1-L5
Sacrum
Base of spine (5 fused)
Coccyx
Tailbone (3-4 fused)
Spondylosis
Stress fracture in between two vertebrae usually in the lumbar spine
Spondylolisthesis
Lower vertebrae slipping out over the one inferior to it
Note 
Flashcard (25)