Chapter 4: Newton's Laws

Newton’s First Law

When the net force acting on a body is zero, its acceleration must be zero, meaning that the velocity remains constant.

Newton’s First Law

Superposition of Forces

Inertia

It refers to how much an object resists a change in its velocity and is measured by mass.

Newton’s Second Law

This law reveals that force is a vector parallel to the acceleration.

Newton’s Second Law

pounds or newtons

Force is measured in \____________.

Newton’s Third law

For every force exerted by one object on another, there is another force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction that is exerted back by the second object on the first.

Mass

A measure of inertia and is the proportionality constant that relates force to acceleration in Newton’s second law.

Kilograms

SI Unit of Mass

Weight

The magnitude of the force exerted on an object by the closest nearby planet (typically Earth) according to the formula.

Gravitational Force

The most prevalent force in the universe, pulling together on any two objects with mass in the universe.

Normal Force

Denotes FN. Its magnitude is determined by Newton’s second law. Always perpendicular.

Frictional Force

Force that resists the sliding or rolling of one solid object over another.

Static Friction

Objects are not sliding relative to each other.

Static Friction

Kinetic Friction

Kinetic Friction

Objects are sliding relative to each other.

Tension Force

A force that develops in a rope, thread, or cable as it is stretched under an applied force.

Static equilibrium (object at rest)

centripetal force

The \_________ is the net force required for circular motion . It can be provided by any number of forces such as tension, normal force, gravity, or friction.

Weight formula