21st Century Literature Lesson 1

Geographic, Linguistic and Ethnic Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary

Luzon

It is the largest and most populous island of the Philippines.

Manila

The capital of the Philippines and is the economic and political center of the country.

over 50 million

The population of Luzon, which has approximately 53% of the Philippines' population.

Proto-Philippine territorial expansion

It covered a greater territory and led to more widespread linguistic leveling.

Linguistic clock

Because of Austronesian colonization, \______________ was 'reset'.

Divergence

Because of Austronesian colonization, \______________ began anew from single founding community.

Language displacement

Because of Austronesian colonization, \___________________________ happened, which means historical events led to language expansion and extinction.

Filipino

The National Language of the Philippines

Dead Language

Language that is no longer in use. There are no more speakers.

Butuanon

A dead language from Butuan

Iniskaya

A dead language from Iskaya Bohol

Baybayin

an old Philippine system of writing. Scholars are trying to revive it

indigenous ethnic groups

The Philippines consist of a large number of \_________________________ living in the country. They are the descendants of the original inhabitants of the Philippines.

Cordillera Administrative Region

Indigenous groups in this region: Kalinga, Ifugao, Abra, Apayao Tribes

Spanish and United States colonization

Indigenous ethnic groups were not absorbed by centuries of \_________________________ of the Philippine archipelago, and in the process have retained their customs and traditions.

Visayas

Indigenous groups in this region: Aetas/Negritos

Mindanao

Indigenous groups in this region: Yakan, Talaandig, Manobo, Bagobo, Maranao, Badjao (sea gypsies)