Data Collection and Organization in Statistics

Interviews

Detailed insights via face-to-face or telephone methods.

Questionnaires

Cost-effective surveys that may yield low responses.

Experimental Method

Controlled studies establishing cause-and-effect relationships.

Observational Study

Records real-time events, minimizing bias in data.

Data Organization

Classifying and structuring data for usability.

Graphs

Visual representations illustrating data relationships.

Charts

Structured displays of data in various formats.

Tables

Organized data in rows and columns for clarity.

Pictures

Visual representations used to convey data meaning.

Bar Graph

Visualizes independent values for comparison.

Line Graph

Shows trends and changes over time.

Cartesian Graph

Uses axes to illustrate numerical relationships.

Statistics

Design, collection, and interpretation of data.

Descriptive Statistics

Summarizes data using graphs and measures.

Inferential Statistics

Predicts population characteristics from sample data.

Mean

Average value of a dataset.

Median

Middle value in ordered data.

Mode

Most frequently occurring value in data.

Range

Difference between highest and lowest values.

Mean Deviation

Average of absolute differences from the mean.

Variance

Mean of squared deviations from the mean.

Standard Deviation

Average distance of data points from the mean.

Sample Standard Deviation

Uses n-1 for accurate population variability estimation.