Reactions of Acyl chlorides

Water reacts with pentanoyl chloride to produce…

pentanoic acid and HCl

An acyl chloride reacts with water to produce?

a carboxylic acid and HCl

a pi bond forms, with oxygen supplying both electrons

At the end of this step, what charge does chlorine have?

• - ve charge

A reaction in which a pi bond forms and two sigma bonds break is called…

an elimination reaction

write the mechanism for the reaction between ethanoyl chloride and water

What type of reaction occurs between acy chlorides and water?

addition-elemination reactions

What are the products of the reaction between this acyl chloride and this alcohol?

Name the products

propyl butanoate and Hydrogen Chloride

Alcohols react with acyl chlorides to form…

esters and hydrogen chloride

Give the IUPAC name for NH4Cl

• ammonium chloride

When an acyl chloride reacts with an excess of ammonia, the products are…

an amide

ammonium chloride

Molecules in which a nitrogen atom has just one lone pair of electrons, and just one alkyl group are called…

primary amines

An acid anhydride reacts with an alcohol to form…

an ester

a carboxylic acid

Acid anhydride +NH3​

Amide

Acid anhydride + Alcohol

Ester

Acid anhydride +H2​O

Carboxylic acid

Acid anhydride + Primary amine

Amide

Which reacts more violently with water acy chloride or acid anhydride?

acyl chlorides

The order of reactivity of acid anydrides, COOH and acy chlorides…

acyl chlorides > acid anhydrides > carboxylic acids