New and Emerging Technologies

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What is automation?

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26 Terms

1

What is automation?

The use of computer systems and control technology to operate equipment

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2

What does the increase of CAM and computer numerical control (CNC) mean?

Fewer hand tools are used so thereā€™s greater accuracy and consistency of manufacture

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3

What is crowd funding?

A way for people to raise awareness and money for a project/idea. The enterprise will typically have a funding ā€˜goalā€™ that needs to be met. Useful for start-ups

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4

How has crowd funding got easier?

The internet and specific websites

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5

What is virtual marketing?

The use of web-based marketing techniques including email marketing and social media.

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6

What are co-operatives?

A business or organisation thatā€™s run jointly by its members. They benefit from the buying power of its entire membership

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7

What is planned obsolescence?

A business strategy where a product is designed to be no longer useful after a set period of time.

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8

What is CAD?

Computer-aided design. The use of computer software to produce designs for products.

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9

What are the advantages of CAD?

  • Extremely accurate

  • Reduced cost of storage space

  • Files can be shared quickly

  • Designs can be simulated to see how well theyā€™ll function

  • Designs can be exported

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10

What are the disadvantages of CAD?

  • High set up costs

  • Some designers may not be familiar with the technology

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11

What is CAM?

Computer-aided manufacture. The use of computer software to control machine tools to manufacture products.

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12

What are the advantages of CAM?

  • Complex shapes can be produced more easily

  • Consistency of manufacture

  • Enables high levels of precision and accuracy

  • Greater efficiency

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13

What are the disadvantages of CAM?

  • High start up costs

  • Operators must be trained

  • For one-off products, CAM is actually slower

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14

What is lean manufacturing?

An approach that aims to make products in the most effective and efficient way possible.

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15

What are some examples of activity that does not add value to the product (waste)?

  • Moving products around a factory

  • Time workers spend looking for tools

  • Making too many products

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16

What is just-in-time (JIT) production?

When suppliers deliver materials only when theyā€™re needed.

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17

What are the benefits of JIT?

  • Less money is tied up in materials

  • Less waste

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18

What are the costs of JIT?

If suppliers donā€™t deliver then production may be stopped so deadlines are missed

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19

What are the benefits of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)?

They can react in the event of change which can include the need for systems to be changed.

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20

What is technology push?

When new products are produced because of new materials or manufacturing methods becoming available. R&D is a key part of this.

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21

What is market pull?

When new products are developed because of market forces.

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22

Why should trees be replanted?

To ensure thereā€™s a continuous supply and prevent deforestation.

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23

How can designers aim to reduce the amount of waste thatā€™s created through designing?

Make products from recyclable or biodegradable materials, or making products easy to disassemble or reuse.

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24

What is continuous improvement?

Where ongoing incremental improvements are made to a product or process

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25

What is inclusive design?

Designing products and systems that can be used by everyone. Ideally this should be without any special adaptations.

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26

What is exclusive design?

When products are designed for a particular group of people or a limited audience. E.g. car seats for children

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