A2.3.4_

Lysogenic Cycle

A viral replication process where the virus integrates its genome into the host cell's genome, allowing replication without killing the host.

Virion

A complete virus particle that consists of genetic material and a protein coat.

Prophage

A bacteriophage that has integrated its DNA into the host bacterial genome and is in a dormant state.

Integrase

An enzyme that catalyzes the integration of viral DNA into the host cell DNA.

Positive-sense RNA Virus

A virus that has viral mRNA which can be directly translated into viral proteins.

Negative-sense RNA Virus

A virus that has RNA that must first be transcribed before being translated into viral proteins.

Retrovirus

A virus that has RNA which is reverse transcribed to make DNA that can be transcribed and translated into viral proteins.

Lytic Cycle

A viral replication process where the virus reproduces and then bursts out of the host cell, killing it.

Bacteriophage

A virus that specifically infects bacteria, often using a lytic or lysogenic cycle.

Phage Attachment

The initial step where a bacteriophage binds to a receptor protein on the bacterial cell membrane.

Cell Division

The process by which a host cell divides, resulting in two daughter cells that each contain the prophage.

Induction

The process by which a prophage is activated to enter the lytic cycle due to stressors.