human case studies 12 + 13

sydney high qol

- 5m+ pop, 30%+ born overseas

- $82k aud average single come

- large proportion of jobs in knowledge sector

- good timezone for business with asia and america

- low levels of deprivation apart from select areas like claymore / airds

- attractive climate and landscape

- not enough housing, col getting too high, will be hit hard by climate change

ghana trade

- creates 60% of worlds cocoa but is facing global competition due to wto favoritism

- tariffs on processed cocoa but not raw, so cannot process cocoa into chocolate and create extra value

- government can't pay subsidies to farmers but uk and us gov can

sahel region low qol

- chad, burkina faso, mali, niger

- landlocked, low quality road transport

- climate change is reducing savanna into desert, reduces space for agriculture

- subsequent food and water insecurity

- low gdp and hdi < 0.5

- limited export capacity as most farmers are substinence farmers

- foreign retailers, wealthy tncs and fdi are not interested

detroit low qol

- lowest median household income in michigan

- decreasing population due to white flight into suburbs + lack of opportunities

- average house price only around $30k

- 18% unemployment, high crime, high unmarried pop

- vacant and dilapidated rows of houses

- displacement due to rebuilding in downtown

- largest us city to file for bankruptcy

san francisco high qol

- $65k usd average income

- only 9% of houses are affordable due to very high rent and increasing costs

- severe deprivation in tenderloin due to gentrification

- majority of jobs in finance, tech and health

- only 3% have health insurance

canning town and custom house qol

- high school performance in newham

- only 37% in fte

- local led regeneration scheme based on census data of the most deprived areas

- 10k new affordable homes + redesigned social housing

south china sea conflict

- fishing opportunities, trade route, untapped natural gas

- many asean countries rely financially on china so cannot push back against chinas claim on spratly islands

- asean countries + china have built military bases in spratley islands to maintain power

crimea and russia

- strategic location for access to indian and south atlantic oceans

- sevastopol military base previously leased to russia

- corruption and voting interference allegations

china and africa relationship

- china invests in africa to create allies in lics that are no longer supported by colonial powers

- china imports valuable materials and oil from africa, exports technology to africa

- potential neo colonialism (indirect soft control through financial and cultural means)

- jobs in africa are filled by migrant chinese workers and china get cheap labour from unstable african countries

- 77% of djiboutis debt is to china

- china has funded transport developments and major hep projects

china one belt one road

- one belt = land route from russia and mongolia through central asia to western europe

- one road = sea route from southeast asia and india to the middle east and east africa

india as an emerging superpower

- large working age population

- 3rd largest national market

- located on key trading route

- controversial government

- unresolved tensions with pakistan and bangladesh

- small gdp per capita

- not a permanent member of un security council

- division between ethnic groups in india

middle east conflict

- sunni muslim, shia muslim and jewish

- relatively new countries with weak democracies

- arbitrary borders drawn by colonial powers

- young populations with high unemployment and low education

- 65% of crude oil comes from middle east

- shortage in water and farmland

eu vs usa

- both are trillions in debt but usa has advantage of having the global currency of choice

- eu is aging faster than usa

- political deadlock between reps and dems, issues with countries wanting more (france) and less (uk) involvement in the eu

- usa is energy secure through fracking, eu relies on imports mostly from russia

- 15% youth unemployment in eu

- usa health spending is a serious issue

colonised british india

- soldiers invaded bengal and calcutta and stole money and spices

- ww2 bankrupted the uk so it could no longer maintain all its colonies

claims on the arctic

- countries can claim within 200 nautical miles from their coastline

- denmark has claims through greenland and usa through alaska

- russia and denmark have conflicting claims on the lomonosov ridge

- shipping routes as ice melts from global warming + untapped oil and gas deposits

china's global shift

- world longest highway network

- 150 cities over 1 milllion population

- increase in the middle class

- poverty reduction although rural areas still suffering

- 94% literacy rate

- 10% yearly rise in urban wages

- growing rural urban divide = disposable income $412 vs $9000

- industrialisation has led to a loss in farmland + 12 million tonnes of grain polluted

- beijing pollution alerts

- 70% of rivers polluted

- chongqing toxic tap water

- over exploitation of rich black soil agricultural land

new delhi hyper urbanisation

- india's fastest growing city

- growth outstrips capacity to provide

tanzania trade and money

- fertile soil so 80% work in agriculture

- price boom for cotton encouraged many people to farm cotton which led to surplus and a price drop again

- drop in cotton buying prince leaves tanzania struggling to pay for imports

- had debt cancelled in 2001 which leaves more money for social investment

zambia trade and investment

- sub saharan landlocked, relies on allyship with neighbours like angola

- chinese invested, built and repaired tanzam railway to export copper

- increase in fibre optic use has decreased interest in copper however

- gni gdp life expectancy etc have increased

amazon market exploitation

- gives small manufacturers access to big market

- sells media and has cultural wealth as a streaming service provider + 'amazon prime' in current lexicon

pakistan fishermen

- 1995 pakistan joins WTO and has to open its fishing grounds to foreign competition

- TNC deep sea trawlers now take all the fish and pakistani fishing communities are in poverty

- many players in globalisation are invisible and make global decisions without consequence that affect local people

china open door policy

- four special economic zones (shenzen, xiamen, shantou etc) that offered pools of cheap labour and tax incentives to attract TNC's + FDI

- by 2005 50% of chinese exports came from foreign companies

- heavy investor in sub saharan africa and and worlds largest recipient of fdi

guatemala cotton

- could not turn its raw cotton into clothes and import that instead due to wto policies

- locked into exporting raw cotton until competition forced them out, now rich countries use their cheap workforce to produce cheap clothes

disney globalisation

- glocalised movies to maintain global presence like moana

- $50 billion revenue

- media influences ie 24 hour channels in australia, malaysia etc

- theme park construction subsidised by local governments like hong kong