Food and the Human Environment Comprehensive Final

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Fastest growing ethnic group in the U.S

Asians

Enculturation

The process of handing down manners and understandings in common to a culture from one generation to the next.

Example of incorporation

Eating walnuts to improve brain function.

Core foods in Greek culture

Lambs and legumes.

First factor to consider regarding diet in other cultures

Foods that have positive health consequences and should be encouraged.

% of adults in US that used some form of CAM during 2007

38%.

General dietary guidelines for health generally include

Balance and moderation.

Assimilation

Fully merging into a new culture.

Acculturation

Adaptation to a new majority society.

Medical pluralism

Consecutive or concurrent use of multiple different health practices.

Cultural group believing family should be involved in health care decisions

Middle Easterners (not asking about high or low context)

Examples of low-context cultures

Swiss, Germans, Scandinavians.

Part of the body most sacred to many cultures

Head.

Most relevant aspect of messages to clients

Content.

Osteopathic medicine

Focuses on blood and lymph flow as well as nerve function.

Agricultural intensification

Making the most out of old lands.

Agricultural extensification

New lands.

In India, fasting practices vary according to

Caste and family membership, degree of orthodoxy, age, and sex.

Traditional bread during Sabbath in Judaism

Challah.

Food supply for chronic undernourishment

Less than 2,000 calories per day.

Fasting practices for Roman Catholics

Only one full meal at midday is permitted, with smaller meals in the morning and evening.

Deity over food and cooking

Annapurna.

Percentage of women who are anemic

40%.

Percentage of women who make up the world's hungry

60%.

Oldest religion in the world

Hinduism.

Kashrut

Jewish dietary laws.

Glatt kosher

Strictest kosher standards.

Typical government provisions for Native Americans

Peanut butter, canned/chopped meat, powdered milk.

Native American worldview

Live in harmony with the Earth, balance of spirit, social, and physical needs.

Example of Southwestern etiquette practices

Men preparing game they hunted and serving it to women.

Main source of game/meat for Plains tribes

Bison.

Health maintenance in Southern Europe

Charms, Maghi.

Dish not from British or Irish descent

Beignets.

Basque Country location

Primarily in Northern Spain.

Diet most typical in Southern Italy and Spain

Mediterranean diet.

Country that snacks between four meals a day

Spain is a (regarding eating)

Country ranked ninth in cardiovascular disease death

Russia.

Most important staple food for FSU and Central Europe

Meat (stalpe for which place)

Necessary food for good health in Scandinavians

Fish.

Largest ethnic group in the nation

Germans.

Country where cutting dumplings, potatoes, and pancakes with a knife is an insult to the cook

Germany.

Correct order of serving food in West Africa

Men, boys, girls, then women.

Prestigious meat in the African diet

Chicken.

Lifestyle factors related to type 2 diabetes for African Americans

Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, Westernized dietary habits.

Culture developed during the slave period combining white and West African influences

Black Creole.

Percentage of Long Island Cuban Americans sharing Santeria beliefs

20%.

Important ways of maintaining health among Caribbean islanders

Prayer, lighting candles to saints.

Caribbean islanders in America consume more of what than their traditional culture

Soda.

Biggest religion practiced by Caribbean Islanders

Roman Catholic.

Percentage of Asians who are lactose intolerant

75%.

What cultural act is not permitted in Japanese cuisine?

Slurping tea (is not permitted)

Not a cornerstone in Confucianism

A mixture of ancestry worship and respect for forces of nature and heavenly bodies.

Non-indigenous food to China

Peanuts.

Languages commonly spoken by Mexicans

Spanish, French, Portuguese, Native Indian.

State not part of the four regions with Mexican influences on food

Louisiana.

Religion practiced by most Central Americans

Roman Catholic.

Commonly used by Central Americans for therapeutic purposes

Tea (not mormons)

Religion of the majority of Americans of Filipino descent

Roman Catholic.

In Vietnam, who is served first

Eldest person.

Samoans believe health is maintained through all of the following except

Belief in God.

Varieties of seaweed consumed in the Pacific Islands

40 or more.

Blood deficiency due to excessive bleeding

Kam Kuhm.

Dessert made from filo or phyllo pastry sheets

Baklava.

Culture practicing high-context communication

Balkan or Middle Eastern.

Main meal of the day for Arab Americans

Dinner.

Rates of diabetes in Native Americans

2-4x higher than the general population.

Tribe with highest rates of type 2 diabetes

Pima Indians.

Not a staple food of Native Americans

Wheat.

The Three Sisters

Corn, beans, squash.

Obesity concerns in Native Americans

20% above average.

Common belief in Italy

Evil eye.

High rate among Northern Europeans

Hereditary hemochromatosis.

Most important holiday in Greece

Easter.

Tapas

Snacks in Spanish cuisine.

How Central Europeans prepare vegetables

Cold temperatures, preserved by pickling, fermenting, and drying.

What are Chitlins?

Intestines.

Leading health problem among African Americans

Hypertension.

Hot/Cold theory of illness

Hot illness treated with cold foods.

Staple grain in Mexico

Corn.

Staple starch that must be cooked due to toxins

Cassava/Manioc/Yuca.

Korean etiquette: who is served first?

Elders served first, children served last.

Japanese American alcohol consumption

Men have high rates of heavy drinking (which race)

Difference in Japanese food

Visual appeal.

Pacific Islander commonly consumed meat

Pork.

In Iran, giving birth is a result of

Cold foot diet.

Predominant health belief in Middle Eastern culture

Air and wind = illness.

Process improving food production in the West

Irrigation.

Term for a minority group moving into a larger dominant culture

Assimilation.

Need to experiment with new food choices and remain conservative

Omnivore's paradox.

A process of adaptation to a new majority society

Acculturation.

The individual is usually defined by group association.

Best definition of culture

The beliefs, attitudes, values, and practices of a community of individuals.

Complex rules that define how humans eat meals

Manners.

Important consideration in what constitutes a meal

Portion size.

Three identified causes of disease in biomedical culture

Immediate causes, underlying causes, and ultimate causes.

Cultural imposition

When a healthcare provider imposes their beliefs, practices, and values on a patient from another culture.

Term for overestimation of association in group membership

Stereotyping.

Cultural membership or social identity with shared patterns

Ethnicity.

Core foods, core and complementary foods model example

Lamb, goat cheese, and legumes.

Fastest growing ethnic group in the US

Asians.