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State
A political entity with a defined territory, permanent population, sovereign government
(Has international recognition)
Nation
A group of people who have shared history, culture, homeland and desire to be self-governing
Multinational state
A state that has more than one ethnic group inside its borders. (Spain)
Multistate nations
Nation’s territory is a part of multiple states like Koreans/Kurds
Stateless nation
A nation that doesn’t have a recognized state (Palestinians)
Relic borders
boundaries that used to have purpose, but still has impact on the cultural landscape
(great wall of China)
Superimposed borders
Boundaries that are made without regard of existing cultural, religious, ethnic groups
(The line separating Israel and Palestine)
Subsequent borders
Boundaries that were made due to conflict/war
(Spain/Portugal border)
Antecedent border
Boundaries created before landscape/population are there
(Boundaries of Canada and the Usa)
Geometric border
Borders that show boundaries between political entities
(Australian states and territories)
Consequent boundaries
Boundaries based on cultural differences
(Boundry between current day Pakistan and India due to religious differences)
Imperialism
The political/economic authority over another country
(British Empire in India)
Colonialism
The practice of direct control over a country
(Middle East: Ottoman Empire)
Settlerism
A form of colonialism where settlers from a foreign country establish permanent residence and control over the territory.
Delimited
and Demarcated
A border drawn on a map
A border that is physically marked
Demilitarized zone
Areas between countries where both countries agreed to stay out of
(The Korean Demilitarized Zone)
Balkanization
The breakup of a larger country into smaller independent states which are often hostile towards each other
(The former USSR)
Armistice
A formal agreement between parties in war to stop fighting
Redistricting
redrawing electoral district boundaries, often to reflect changes in population and ensure equal representation.
Gerrymandering
Manipulating electoral district boundaries to favor a particular political party or group.
Devolution
Moving power from a larger government to a smaller one in the same state.
Autonomas
area within a country that has the ability to make certain choices for themselves but still under government control
Failed states
Countries with weak governmental structures that cannot maintain order or provide basic services.
Ethnonationalism
pride and identity tied to a territory of a single ethnic group often leading to a desire for greater autonomy or independence within a state.
Supernationalism
States that give up some power to combined groups to solve a problem
Disintegration
is the process where a state breaks down into smaller, independent units, often due to internal conflicts or external pressures.