Chapter 4 Notes

Charles II & James II

Monarchs who wanted absolute power and had no use for Parliament.

Dominion of New England

Consolidation of northern colonies under Sir Edmund Andros' rule.

Glorious Revolution

Bloodless overthrow of James II by William and Mary, leading to limited monarchy.

Leisler’s Rebellion

New York militia uprising where Jacob Leisler took control but was later executed for treason.

William and Mary

Rulers who established a voluntary association with the colonies, promoting elected assemblies.

King William’s War

First conflict involving colonists in European affairs, resulting in failed invasions of Canada.

Queen Anne’s War

Conflict marked by French and Indian raids in New England and Spanish invasions in Carolina.

Mercantilism

Economic policy aimed at national self-sufficiency and reducing dependence on foreign suppliers.

Navigation Acts

Laws regulating colonial trade to benefit England and limit competition from the Dutch.

New Immigrants

Increase in Irish, Scottish, and German immigrants, with a decline in English immigration.

English Convicts

Thieves sent to the colonies as laborers, many becoming farmers after their sentences.

Colonial Daily Life

Economic growth led to class differences, job scarcity, and worsening conditions for slaves.

Stono Rebellion

Slave uprising in South Carolina in 1739, resulting in violence and harsh reprisals.

Georgia

Founded as a buffer colony for debtors, initially outlawing slavery but later lifting restrictions.

Spanish Florida

Offered freedom to runaway slaves and viewed Georgia as a threat to their territory.

Enlightenment

Intellectual movement promoting reason and skepticism, leading to increased political involvement.

Power of the Purse

Colonial governors were funded by elected legislatures, giving colonies control over governance.

Colonial Politics

Wealthy elites dominated politics, while poor classes had limited political participation.

Benjamin Franklin

Published "Poor Richard's Almanac," retired early, and contributed to science and community.

Great Awakening

Religious revival that crossed social lines, leading to new denominations and increased participation.

Result of Great Awakening

Weakened established churches, founded new colleges, and empowered average people.

Recap

Glorious Revolution established representative government; Enlightenment fostered intellectual growth; Great Awakening encouraged religious revival and questioning of authority.