ap psych unit 1

hindsight bias

the “i knew it all along” feeling after something happens

how does a hypothesis help a researcher develop an argument?

it allows the researcher to give a prediction that they can test

why is the ability to replicate an experiment important to the validity of that research

if the experiment can be replicated by another researcher, then the results of that experiment will have more validity

the case study

deep study of one person or group to learn general things

laboratory study

research is done in a lab—controlled but not natural

naturalistic/field study

watching people or animals in their real environment—all variables cant be controlled

survey method

interviews a random selected group, representative sample is set up so it has more validity

representative sample

a group that closely matches the population being studied

meta-analysis

looking at data from multiple studies to find trends (that individual studies cant find)

double-blind study

neither the researcher nor participants know who gets the real treatment

placebo effect

feeling better after a fake experiment just because you expect to

independent variable

the part of the experiment that’s being changed (changing how much coffee is in cup)

dependent variable

the result that’s measured (seeing the test scores is being changed because of coffee amount being changed)

correlation

a measure of how two things are related (ex. as study time goes up, test scores go up)

illusory correlations

thinking there’s a connection between things when there isn’t one (ex. thinking the moon is connected to weird things happening)

mode

the most common number

mean

the average of the data

median

the middle score

standard deviation

a measure of how spread out the scores are (packed/dispersed)

what are good ethical principles

consent, confidentiality, and making sure its safe