T4 pp wrong answers

Flashcards made from past paper questions I got wrong.

Explain how deforestation can change the balance of gases in the atmosphere.

(2)

Reduces photosynthesis, leading to less oxygen production and more co2 in the atmosphere, especially from increased burning

Suggest how deforestation can change the soil structure.

(2)

Leads to soil erosion, loss of minerals and fertility.

Suggest how countries can reduce the impact of deforestation. (2)

Afforestation plant more trees

Implement laws to protect or limit deforestation

Explain how feeding on mesophyll tissue will affect tomato production.

(3)

Reduces chloroplasts, less photosynthesis, lower production due to reduced glucose production.

Pheromone traps could also be used to control the leaf miner. Pheromones are

smells that attract leaf miner males.

Design an investigation to find out if a pheromone trap would help to control the

leaf miner.

Your answer should include experimental details and be written in full sentences.

Groups: Use two groups of fields, one with pheromone traps and one without.

Control: Ensure the same insect species and crop type in both groups.

Repetition: Repeat with multiple fields for accuracy.

Measurement: Compare insect counts and crop damage between groups.

Consistency: Keep temperature, light, and other conditions the same.

What is methanes effect on the environment

Greenhouse effect, global warming

What is the source and effect of water vapour on the environment.

Combustion and global warming.

What is the source(s) and effect of cfc on the environment.

refrigerators and air, conditioning units

Global warming, ozone layer depletion

Sources of nitrous oxide.

burning fossil fuels / biomass / plants /

wood

or

factories / industry / power stations

or

exhaust fumes / car/petrol/diesel engines

or

fertiliser / denitrification / decomposition

of manure / sewage treatment;

Name greenhouse gasses.

water vapour , CFCs

Explain the advantages of reducing the mass of greenhouse gases released into

the atmosphere.

reduce greenhouse effect /

less heat reflected /

less heat re-radiated /

less heat trapped;

2. less global warming /

less temperature rise;

3. less ice caps melt / rise in sea level /

flooding;

4. less habitat destruction /

less coral destruction / eq;

5. less death / extinction /

affect food chain;

6. less migration / change in

distribution;

7. less climate change /

less extreme weather /

less desertification / drought /

soil erosion / eq;

They concluded that lake C was the most polluted with phosphate.

Suggest two reasons why this conclusion may not be correct.

other pollutants / nitrate / sediment in lake / eq;

2. only done once / reliability / different part of lake may vary /

eq;

3. different sized disks may have been used;

4. different light conditions / time of day / time of year /

weather / ripples / eq;

5. different people / different eyesight / poor vision / eq;

The scientist concluded that the only month when the water was not safe for swimming

was April.

(i) Give a reason to support this conclusion.

Is less than the minimum depth for safe swimming

The rainforests in many countries are under threat from deforestation.

Explain the consequences of removing the rainforest on the balance of

atmospheric gases.

Deforestation reduces the of trees, leading to less

photosynthesis. This results in more carbon dioxide and less

oxygen in the atmosphere, disrupting the balance of gases.

Commercial flower growers keep their plants in greenhouses under artificial light.

Describe an investigation to find out if the length of time that plants are exposed to

light affects how long it takes for flowers to appear.

Use two groups CA and B). Expose one (A) to varied light periods (6,12,18 hours). Use group B as a contral group, which is exposed to a standard or consistent light period.

Use the same species, variety and age of plants. Repeat experiment with multiple plants for accuracy.

Measure how long it takes for flowers to appear.

Count the of flowers produced

Keep light intensity, temperature, soil ph, water humidity, minerals and nutrients the same

The organisms caught in the trap remained there for up to 10 hours before being

counted.

Suggest how this might affect the results obtained.

Inaccurate results as they may have been eaten reproduced or escaped.

With reference to the investigation in this question, explain the terms

(i) population

a populationis all the individual (2) of spiders

That live in the woodland area at the same

With reference to the investigation in this question, explain the term

Community

A community is all the different types of species, spiders, centipedes, beetles and woodlice that live together in the woodland area.

With reference to the investigation in this question, explain the term

Habitat

A habitat is the rotting wood and damp dark place that a woodlice lives in.

Suggest two reasons why more of our fish are supplied by fish farming rather
than from traditional fishing.

Higher yield

Safer

Reduce overfishing

Can control size

Suggest one advantage of using water from under the ground rather than from rivers.

Fewer pathogens, less chance of disease.

Suggest the advantage of using fewer antibiotics in fish farms.

Less bioaccumulation

Less chance of bacterial resistance

If waste from fish farms is released into rivers it will cause pollution.

Design an investigation to compare the pollution caused by waste released from

the new type of fish farm with waste released from a traditional fish farm.

Your answer should include experimental details and be written in full

sentences.

To compare pollution from two farms one traditional and one new use the same species, number, mass and type of fish in both sample groups.

Repeat the for reliability, measuring pollution indicators like oxygen levels, nitrate levels or turbidity.

Take these measurements at the same time of day and year for bath farms.

Ensure that factors like food type, water depth, light and temperature areconsistent across both sample groups to maintain fairness in the comparison.

why it would be unlikely for a fish farm to be situated near a power station.

Due to less oxygen in warmer water, leading to reduced respiration and resulting in lower yield or smaller fish.

How does adding antibiotics to the water increase fish production

Controls disease.

Describe what happens to fish protein in the gut of a human.

Fish protein is digested into amino acids in the stomach by protease with the help of acidic conditions. In the small intestine ,bile neutralizes the acid, creating an alkaline environment or further digestion

Suggest why the solutions have air bubbled into them.

To supply oxygen for respiration and active uptake of ions.

Suggest why the apparatus was covered in black paper

To block light preventing photosynthesis in the roots and preventing growth of unwanted plants or algae.

The destruction of habitat can lead to extinction of species.

Give three other disadvantages of deforestation.

Eutrophication, soil erosion

Less carbon sequestration

Less transpiration, Less humidity, less rainfall, worsening arid conditions, desertification

Suggest two reasons why growers prefer to use micropropagation rather than

sexual methods of reproduction to produce good quality flowers

Faster, identical, free from disease

Large scale yield of specific types of plants

Deforestation also affects the carbon cycle.

Explain these effects.

Less photosynthesis, more co2 in the atmosphere less is absorbed, less consumption of plants, less decomposition, dead trees decompose releasing more co2 especially when being burned.

Describe transpiration

Evaporation of water from the surface of stomata of plant leaves.

Fertilisers can get into water by a process called…

Leaching.

Explain why milk (in pollution) is likely to have the most severe effect on the organisms in a river.

More bacteria ,use up more oxygen during respiration.

Suggest a reason for the difference between the BOD of raw domestic sewage and the BOD of treated domestic sewage.

Raw has a greater BOD as it has more bacteria thus more respiration, raw sewage also has more nutrients

Describe the biological consequences of pollution of water by sewage

Sewage pollution increases bacteria that decompose organic matter through respiration, leading to less oxygen in the water causing fish and other animals to die.

The added nutrients can also trigger algal blooms contributing to eutrophication.