Age of Elizabeth I & St. Petersburg

When did Elizabeth I rule?

1741-1762, Russian rule

When and where was Elizabeth I born?

born in Moscow, 1709

Who were the parenets of Elizabeth I?

Peter the Great and Catherine I of Russia

What did Elizabeth I ban?

she banned capital punishment throughout Russia, not a single person was executed during her reign

What did Elizabeth I develop?

developed fine and performing arts as well as education

Who was the last full-blooded Romanov monarch to rule Russia?

Elizabeth I

During Elizabeth’s rule she brought what age to Russia?

brought an age of enlightenment to Russia

What did Elizabeth establish in 1756?

first public theater in St. Petersburg

In 1758 what did Elizabeth establish?

established the Academy of Fine Arts

What did Elizabeth I do with education?

education was made freely available to all social classes except for serfs

Did Elizabeth make education available to serfs?

no

What was a focal point of Elizabeth I’s reign?

education

Elizabeth was educated by?

a French tutor

Elizabeth changed the nobility language from German to?

French

What were some examples of performing arts under Elizabeth?

Italian opera singers and impresario Giovanni Locatelli, Italian Free Theatre in Summer Garden, German singers, Composer Dmitry Bortniansky, first opera in Russian, first public drama theatre, ballet and dance

During the ‘Age of Song’ under Elizabeth, there was what two first things?

first opera in Russian (Feodor Volkov) and first public drama theatre

What academy was established for dance during Elizabeth’s reign? Who were the main people involved?

Imperial Academy of Dancing, Jean Baptists Lande and Franz Hilferding van Weven

Under Elizabeth I there was an establishment of what things in St. Petersburg?

laws were issued to maintain safety and order, speeding regulations, fire guardsmen, decree issued for the maintenance of bridges, forbidden to leave laundry to dry on bushes and trees

In St. Petersburg Elizabeth constructed buildings in what style? Who constructed them?

Late Baroque (Rococo) by Francesco Rastrlli

What did Rastrelli rebuild in St. Petersburg?

Winter Palace, Smonly Monastery and Cathedral, Sheremetev, Voronstov and Shuvalov

What place did Rastrelli rebuild that had a French Garden with labyrinths, statues, artistic trees and shrubs?

Palace and estate in Tsarkoye Selo or Tsar’s Village

When was Francesco Rastrelli born? Where?

born in Paris in 1700

Who was the last great Baroque architect to work in St. Petersburg?

Francesco Rastrlli

Who was Rastrelli’s father?

Carlo Rastrelli, a sculptor who came to St. Petersburg in 1716 to work for Peter the Great

What was Rastrelli’s title under Elizabeth I?

Chief Architect of the Imperial Court

What was Rastrelli’s first project under Elizabeth I?

building of the Marinsky Palace in Kiev, which Elizabeth lived in during the summer

What is Rastrelli most noted for?

his remodeling of the Winter Palace and the Catherine Palace in Tsar’s Village

After Rastrelli finished the Mariinsky Palace he began reconstruction on what in 1747?

Grand Palace at Peterhof

What Cathedrals did Rastrelli create?

Smonly Cathedral (completed in 1835) and Cathedral of St. Andrew in Kiev (completed in 1767)

What was the nickname of the Catherine Palace?

Russian Versailles

Who was Mikhail Lomonosov?

first Russian scientist-naturalist of universal importance who made significant contributions to science

Mikhail Lomonosov founded and co-founded?

founded the first Russian chemical laboratory at the Academy of Sciences, and co-founded the first university of Russia in Moscow

What theories of science did Mikhail Lomonosov bring up?

gravity, light, motion and matter

What did Mikhail Lomonosov revive?

revived the art of mosaic paintings and the production of smalt

What did Mikhail Lomonosov reform?

reformed the Russian literary language by combining Old Church Slavonic with vernacular

Winter Palace, St. Petersburg, architecture Francesco Rastrelli

Smolny Cathedral, St. Petersburg, Francesco Rastrelli

Catherine Palace, outside of St. Petersburg

Amber Room, Catherine Palace, in Tsar’s Village by Francesco Rastrelli

Grand Palace, Peterhof, Francesco Rastrelli