AP Human Geography - The Cultural Landscape: Chapter 7 - Vocabulary

Apartheid

Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.

Black Lives Matter

Movement that campaigns against violence and perceived racism toward black people and educates others about the challenges that African Americans continue to face in the United States.

Blockbusting

A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood.

Ethnic cleansing

A purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent and terror-inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic or religious group from certain geographic areas.

Ethnic enclave

A place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area.

Ethnicity

Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth.

Ethnoburb

A suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnic population.

Ethnophobia

Fear of people of a particular ethnicity.

Genocide

The mass killing of a group of people in an attempt to eliminate the entire group from existence.

Nationalism

Loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality.

Nationality

Identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country.

Race

Identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin color.

Racism

The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.

Racist

A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.

Redlining

A process by which financial institutions draw red-colored lines on a map and refuse to lend money for people to purchase or improve property within the lines.

Sharecropper

A person who works in fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays the loans by turning over to the landowners a share of the crops.

Triangular slave trade

A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.

Xenophobia

Fear of people who are from other countries.