Biology nelson 5.1 answers grade 12 | Assignments Biology | Docsity

What is the primary focus of Biology Nelson 5.1?

It addresses various biological concepts and questions relevant to grade 12 biology.

Define cellular respiration.

The process by which cells convert sugars into energy.

What is photosynthesis?

The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with carbon dioxide and water.

What are the main components of DNA?

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

What is the role of ribosomes?

They synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.

Describe the function of the cell membrane.

It protects the cell and regulates what enters and leaves.

What are enzymes?

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Explain the term homeostasis.

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.

What is a mutation?

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits.

Define genetic variation.

Differences in DNA among individuals, which contribute to diversity in a population.

What is the function of chlorophyll?

It captures light energy needed for photosynthesis.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.

Define allele.

A variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

What is the significance of the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

It describes the genetic equilibrium in a population that is not evolving.

What is natural selection?

The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce.

What does biodiversity refer to?

The variety of life in the world or a particular habitat.

Define ecological niche.

The role and position a species has in its environment.

What is the importance of the food chain?

It illustrates the flow of energy and nutrients through an ecosystem.

Explain the term trophic level.

Each step in a food chain or food web, representing the flow of energy.

What is ecological succession?

The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.

Define adaptation.

A trait that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce.

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

They break down dead organic material, recycling nutrients back into the environment.

What is the purpose of mitosis?

To produce two identical daughter cells for growth and repair.

How does meiosis differ from mitosis?

Meiosis produces four genetically varied gametes, while mitosis produces two identical cells.

What are stem cells?

Undifferentiated cells with the potential to develop into many different cell types.

What is a habitat?

The natural environment where an organism lives and grows.

Describe the function of the circulatory system.

To transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes throughout the body.