SDG 10: Reduce Inequalities

Inequality

The unequal distribution of
resources, power, and opportunities

Identity

Ways we think about ourselves, others, and the
world

Positionality

Our unique clusters of identity
groups and experiences will shape how we
perceive and address problems and interact
with colleagues, stakeholders, and
communities

Vertical Inequality

Inequality between individuals,
typically measured by income

Horizontal Inequality

:Inequality between culturally
defined groups based on sex, age, disability, sexual
orientation, race, class, ethnicity, and religion

Race

is linked with physical characteristics such
as skin color.

Ethnicity

is linked with an identity mostly on the
basis of language and shared culture (religion,
history, geography/territory).

Socially Constructed

Social, economic, and
political forces shape the way in which racial
categories and hierarchies are formed

Racial Capitalism

Critical Political Ecologist perspective
 Modern system of capitalism could not have
proceeded without colonial expansion, the
slave trade, and plantation slavery.
Capitalism is complicit in racism.

Ageism

The most socially “normalized”
of any prejudice and is not widely
countered – unlike racism or sexism.

Gender Equality

Women and men enjoy the same
rights and opportunities in all aspects of life, including
social interactions, economic participation/decision-
making, and when the different behaviors, aspirations
and needs of women and men are equally values and
favored

Gender Equity

Fairness of treatment for both men and
women, according to their respective needs

Gini Index

0 to 1 with 1 = complete inequality
(sometimes seen on scale of 0-100)
Is used to measure many “inequalities” such
as income mobility, education, health

Child Marriage

Girls who are married before age
18

Missing Women

Shortfall in the number of women
relative to the expected number of women in a
country
Globally 130 million missing women

Equal Pay

Idea that individuals in the same
workplace and job should be given equal pay
and benefits