Spanish 2: exam 2

E: es bueno que

it is good that

E: es malo que

is bad that

E: es estrano

it is strange

E: es increíble

it is incredible

E: es normal que

it’s normal that

E: es una lastima que

its a shame that

E: lamento que

im sorry that

E: me sorprende que

im surpised that

emotion formula

Emotion/subject 1/indicative + que. + Subject 2/subjunctive

D: no creo que

i do not think that

D: Dudo que

I doubt that

D: no estoy seguro de que

I’m not sure that

D: no pienso que

I don’t think that

D: no es seguro que

It’s not certain that

D: no es posible que

It’s not possible

D: no es probable que

It’s not likely

D: niego que

I deny that

D: no es verdad que

it’s not true

D: no puedo

i can’t

Doubt, Denial, Disbelief formula

Doubt/subject 1/indicative + que + subject 2/subjunctive

ND: cero que

certain that

ND: no dudo que

No doubt

ND: estoy seguro de que

Im sure that

ND: es cierto que

its true that

ND: es seguro que

im sure that

ND: es verdad que

its true

ND: es posible que

its possible that

ND: es probable que

its likely that

No doubt formula

no doubt/subject 1/indicative + que + subject 2/indicative

-AR/-ER verbs:

same stem change as normal, with no stem change in Nosotros form.

-IR verbs

Stem change in all forms including the nosotros form.

e → i

o → u

-Car verb ending

qu

-Gar verb ending

gu

-Zar verb ending

c

-AR verbs use ____ in the subjunctive

-er endings

-ER & -IR verbs use ____ in the subjunctive

-AR endings

Subjunctive conjugations

• start with the indicative “yo” form

• Drop the “o”

  • Add the opposite ending

D.I.S.H.E.S.

• DAR

• IR

• SER

• HABER

• ESTAR

• SABER

Dar: 1st & 3rd person singular

Dé

Dar: 2nd person

Des

Dar: 1st person plural

Demos

Dar: 3rd person plural

Den

Ir: 1st & 3rd person singular

Vaya

Ir: 2nd person

Vayas

Ir: 1st person plural

Vayamos

Ir: 3rd person plural

Vayan

Ser: 1st & 3rd person singular

Sea

Ser: 2nd person singular

Seas

Ser: 1st person plural

Seamos

Ser: 3rd person plural

Sean

Haber:

Haya

Estar: 1st & 3rd Person singular

Esté

Estar: 2nd Person singular

Estés

Estar: 1st Person plural

Estemos

Estar: 3rd person plural

Estén

Saber: 1st & 3rd singular

Sepa

Saber: 2nd person

Sepas

Saber: 1st person plural

Sepamos

Saber: 3rd person plural

Sepan

W

Weirdo, desires, imperatives

E

Emotion

I

Impersonal observation

R

Recommendations

D

Doubt, denial, disbelief

O

Ojalá

4 pieces of information needed when using the subjunctive

1. Two different subjects on either side of que

2. use of the word que

3. use of ONE of the weirdo categories

4. a verb conjugated in the indicative in front of que and the subjunctive on the other side

Emotion formula:

Emotion/subject 1/indicative + que + subject 2/subjunctive

Doubt, denial, disbelief formula

doubt/subject 1/ indicative + que + subject 2/subjunctive

Doubt, denial, disbelief formula

doubt/subject 1/ indicative + que + subject 2/ indicative

Los auriculares

headphones

la television

the tv

el radio

radio

el DVD

DVD player

el control remoto

remote control

el celuiar

cellphone

la cámara

camera

el ratón

mouse

la computadora (portátil)

a laptop

el pen drive

flash drive

la fotocopia

photocopy

la impresora, el escáner, la fotocopiadora

photocopier

la pantalla

screen

mandar un mensaje

send a message

el teléfono fijo

homephone

el archivo

(computer) file

el buzón de voz

voice mailbox

la carpeta

(computer) folder

la contraseña

password

el disco duro

hard drive

el equipo

equipment

el espacio (de almacenamiento)

(storage) space

la pantalla (grande/plana)

(big/flat) screen (monitor)

el documento

the document

el correo electronico

email

la red social

social network

el usario/ la usuaria

user

Almacenar

To store; to save

apagar (gu)

to turn off (a machine)

Bajar/descargar

to download