AP Psych Unit 1: Important People

Pavlov's dog

________ was an experiment linking salivation to meat powder using a tuning fork and later, a metronome.

psychological laboratory

Wilhelm Wundt was considered to be the father of psychology, as he founded the first ________ in 1879.

Dorothea Dix

She was a propionate of getting the mentally insane help, and an advocate on their behalf. She lobbied for Congress to create the first generation of mental asylums.

John Watson

The founder of behaviorism, from his "Little Albert "study in which he conditioned a child to fear things with specific traits.

Wilhelm Wundt

He was considered to be the father of psychology, as he founded the first psychological laboratory in 1879. He trained people in introspection, and created the school of structuralism using trained introspection.

Edward Titchener

Created the idea that contemplation finds answers to the brain by breaking it into parts and focusing on what each part does.

G. Stanley Hall

He was an American psychologist who helped to found the APA. He set up a lab at Johns Hopkins University employing introspection. He focused on child development and evolutionary theory.

William James

He thought that structuralists were focused on the wrong thing, and was interested in the purpose of behavioral acts. He viewed humans as actively involved and created the school of functionalism, which was focused on the application of psychological findings to practical solutions, with the goal to explain behavior.

Max Wertheimer

He focused on how we experience the world, rather than how we feel. He thought that the whole of an experience can be more than the sum of its parts.

Mary Whiton Calkins

She was the first woman president of the APA. She was also the first female admitted to James’s graduate seminar despite the university’s objections. She also became a student of William James.

Margaret Floy Washburn

She was the first woman to complete a psychology PhD. and earn the degree, and a student of Edward Titchener, as he was her graduate advisor. She also translated Wundt and was largely a teacher.

Sigmund Freud

Created the idea of psychoanalysis in order to explain the structure of the human mind, attitudes, behavior, disorders, and the origins of civilization. He placed a high emphasis on sexuality, which was highly controversial during the Victorian era he lived in. He also created the notion of the unconscious mind.

Ivan Pavlov

One of the most well known behaviorism experts, with an emphasis on classical conditioning. Developed the theory of an unconditioned stimulus evoking an unconditioned response, and later developing into a conditioned stimulus creating a conditioned response. (UCS, UCR, CS, CR)

BF Skinner

Was a pioneer in behaviorism as he built on the ideas of those who came before him, developed theories on operant conditioning. He conducted behavior research using punishment and reinforcement.

Carl Rogers

Focused on personal growth, with an emphasis on empathy, acceptance, and understanding so that positive regard was unconditioned. He worked with abused children and is the father of Client-Centered therapy. His theory was a reaction to the Freudian and behavioral approaches to understanding behavior.

Abraham Maslow

Created the hierarchy of needs, in which low levels need to be put above the higher levels of needs, with the goal to be self-actualized.

Humanists

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were _________

Behaviorists

BF Skinner, Ivan Pavlov, and John Watson were ___________.

Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud was the father of __________, and his theories caused much debate.

Client-centered

Carl Rogers was the father of ___________ therapy.