Brass and Woodwinds

Flute

sounds as written and reads treble clef

Piccolo

sounds as P8 higher than written and reads treble clef

Oboe

sound as written and reads treble clef

English Horn

sounds a P5 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bassoon

sounds as written and reads bass clef

Bb Clarinet

sounds M6 Lower than written and reads treble clef

Eb Alto Clarinet

sounds M6 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb Bass Clarinet

sounds M9 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb Soprano Saxophone

sounds M2 lower than written and reads treble clef

Eb Alto Saxophone

sounds M6 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb Tenor Saxophone

sounds M9 lower than written and reads treble clef

Eb Baritone Saxophone

sounds an octave & M6 lower than written and reads treble clef

Horn in F

sounds p5 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb trumpet

sounds M2 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb cornet

sounds M2 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb Flugel Horn

sounds M2 lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb Trombone

sounds as written and reads bass clef

Bb Baritone/Euphonium Bass Clef

sounds as written and reads bass clef

Bb Baritone/Euphonium Treble clef

sounds M9 Lower than written and reads treble clef

Bb Tuba

sounds as written and reads bass clef

Overtone series

C C G C E G Bb C D E F

Flute range

C4 to G6

Piccolo range

C5 to G7

Saxophone range

C4 to G6

Oboe range

C4 to G6

Trumpet range

Bb4 to C6

trombone/euphonium range

E2 to E4

Tuba range

E1 to Bb3

Written C scale for woodwind instruments

C: Thumb 1 2 3 1 2 3 4
D: Thumb 1 2 3 1 2 3
E: Thumb 1 2 3 1 2
F: Thumb 1 2 3 1
G: Thumb 1 2 3
A: Thumb 1 2
B: Thumb 1

Clarinet in Bb fingerings

F: Thumb 1 2 3 1 2 3 4
G: Thumb 1 2 3 1 2 3
A: Thumb 1 2 3 1 2
Bb: Thumb 1 2 3 Pinky at the end
C: Thumb 1 2 3
D: Thumb 1 2
E: Thumb 1

The key on the oboe, and saxophone which changes from low notes to high notes is called the

octave key

T F: Flutes change from the low octave to the high octave by overblowing to the next overtone

True

The key on the clarinet which changes from low notes to high notes is called the

register key

Low notes on the clarinet are said to be below the _____ and high notes above it

Break

The __ is the lowest register of the clarinet

chalemeau

the ___ is the brighter middle register of the clarinet

clarion

the __ is the highest register of the clarinetq

altissimo

What famous composer brought the clarinet into common use in the orchestra?

Mozart

A woodwind or treble clef brass instrument is said to be in a given key because that is the note that sounds when the instrument plays a written

C4

On a woodwind instrument which hand play closest to the mouthpiece

left

on a woodwind instrument which hand plays the keys furthest from the mouthpiece

right

A bass clef low brass instrument is said to be in a given key because the is the ___ ____ which sounds when the instrument is played with no valves

fundamental pitch

In what decade were valves for brass instruments invented

1830s

What one brass instrument could play chromatically before the invention of valves

trombone

what brass instrument could play diatonic scale steps before the invention of valves

french horn

the first valve of a brass instrument adds a length of tubing that lower the pitch by

W step

the second valve of a brass instrument adds a length of tubing that lower the pitch by

H step

the third valve of a brass instrument adds a length of tubing that lower the pitch by

1 1/2 steps

For brass instruments with three valves there are __ possible valve combinations which when used in combination conveniently lowers the instrument enough half steps to connect the

7

4th valve provides three benefits

Longer range
Alternate fingerings
Better Intonation

A ___ "french" horn has an F and a Bb set of tubing mounted on one frame

Double

On the french horn ___ is used for low notes and the ___ is used for high notes

F, Bb

Fingerings for Trumpet

open
1 3
1 2
1
open
1 2
2
open

What famous operatic composer most expanded the use of brass instruments in the orchestra

Wagner

Flute Famous performer

James Galway

Clarinet performer

Benny Goodman

Saxophone performer

Kenny G

Trumpet performer

Louis Armstrong

Trombone performer

Glenn Miller

What does a flute do more often than other instruments

trills

what idiosyncratic characteristic of the clarinet makes the high/low key transpose to something other than an Octave, gives the instruments the "break and blah blah blah

register key

What woodwind instrument is easier to play than the rest

saxophone

What 1 or 2 treble clef woodwind instruments have the most severe intonation problems

piccolo

what is the only woodwind instrument to read bass clef

bassoon

what brass instrument have overtones closer together in the playable range than the rest

french horn

which brass instrument plays the valves with their left hand

french horn

when the horn player stops the horn with their hand what happens to the pitch

raises the pitch by 1/2 step

what does the stopped horn player have to do to compensate for the pitch

transpose

which brass instrument can most easily do a glissando of a P4 or +4

trombone

what two brass instruments are more likely to use mutes than any other

trumpet and trombone

what brass instrument has two notation practices (treble and bass)

euphonium

For woodwind instruments the composer or arranger transposes the parts so that instruments in different key can still use the same fingerings what do tuba players who play instruments in different keys do

different overtone series

what brass and woodwind instruments are commonly found in a jazz swing band

trumpet, trombone, saxophone

what instruments are found in a classical woodwind quintet

flute, oboe, bassoon, clarinet, a horn

What instruments are found in a classical brass quintet

2 trumpets, trombone, french horn, tuba