Chapter 12: Social Psychology

Altruism

________: prosocial behavior that is done with no expectation of reward and may involve the risk of harm to oneself.

Groupthink

________: kind of thinking that occurs when people place more importance on maintaining group cohesiveness than on assessing the facts of the problem with which the group is concerned.

Deindividuation

________: the lessening of personal identity, self- restraint, and the sense of personal responsibility that can occur within a group 12.3 Compliance.

Discrimination

________: treating people differently because of prejudice toward the social group to which they belong.

Fundamental Attribution Error

________: the tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors in determining behavior while underestimating situational factors Social Interaction 12.10 Prejudice and Discrimination.

Interpersonal Attraction

________: liking or having the desire for a relationship with another person.

Compliance

________: changing ones behavior as a result of other people directing or asking for the change.

Self Fulfilling

________ Prophecy: the effect that peoples awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior.

Jigsaw Classroom

________: educational technique in which each individual is given only part of the information needed to solve a problem, causing the separate individuals to be forced to work together to find the solution 12.12 Interpersonal Attraction.

Stereotype Vulnerability

________: the effect that peoples awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior.

Peripheral

________- Route Processing: type of information processing that involves attending to factors not involved in the message, such as the appearance of the source of the message, the length of the message, and other non- content factors 12.7 Cognitive Dissonance: When Attitudes and Behavior Clash.

Conformity

________: changing ones own behavior to match that of other people 12.2 Group Behavior.

Cognitive Dissonance

________: sense of discomfort or distress that occurs when a persons behavior does not correspond to that persons attitudes 12.8 Impression Formation.

Lowball Technique

________: getting a commitment from a person and then raising the cost of that commitment 12.4 Obedience.

Social Loafing

________: the tendency for people to put less effort into a simple task when working with others on that task.

Obedience

________: changing ones behavior at the command of an authority figure Social Cognition 12.5 Attitudes.

Attitude

________: a tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain person, object, idea, or situation 12.6 ________ Change: The Art of Persuasion.

Social Categorization

________: the assignment of a person one has just met to a category based on characteristics the new person has in common with other people with whom one has had experience in the past.

Personality Theory

Implicit ________: sets of assumptions about how different types of people, personality traits, and actions are related to each other 12.9 Attribution.

Impression Formation

________: the forming of the first knowledge that a person has concerning another person.

Social Cognition

________: the mental processes that people use to make sense of the social world around them.

Attribution

________: the process of explaining ones own behavior and the behavior of others.

Social Role

________: the pattern of behavior that is expected of a person who is in a particular social position 12.15 Prosocial Behavior.

Social Facilitation

________: the tendency for the presence of other people to have a positive impact on the performance of an easy task.

Bystander Effect

________: referring to the effect that the presence of other people has on the decision to help or not help, with help becoming less likely as the number of bystanders increases.

Attribution Theory

________: the theory of how people make attributions.

Persuasion

________: the process by which one person tries to change the belief, opinion, position, or course of action of another person through argument, pleading, or explanation.

Foot in the Door Technique

________: asking for a small commitment and, after gaining compliance, asking for a bigger commitment.