term

Assimilation

A gradual process by which a person or group belonging to one culture adopts the practices of another, thereby becoming a member of that culture.

Colonialism

The empire-building expansion of Europe into the rest of the world

controlling other countires

believed they were the norm, others were inferior

Colonization

The process of gaining control over a country and turning it into a colony.

Genocide

Deliberate act of exterminating another nation or group.

Indian act

Federal law that regulates Indians and reserves and sets out federal government powers and responsibilities

First created in 1876, then amendments

Indigenous

describes the collective identity, culture, or heritage of the original people and their descendants who traditionally occupied a territory that has been colonized

Metis people

* People of mixed First Nations and European ancestry.

First nations

* largest group of Indigenous Peoples in Canada
* descendants of the original peoples on Turtle Island, been present since time immemorial.


* more than 630 First Nation communities in Canada,
* no legal definition for First Nation, noun and modifier

Inuit

Inuit are a culturally and legally distinct group of Indigenous peoples whose homeland is historically located in the Arctic

Privilege

Special rights, advantages, and immunities granted only to specific individuals or to members of specific social groups

Reserve

a tract of land set aside under the Indian Act and treaty agreements for the exclusive use of an Indian band

Settler

A person who migrates to an area and establishes permanent residence, often displacing Indigenous populations.

Socially dominant group

The social group with the greatest access to power. This group determines the social standards or “norms”.

Stereotype

To believe unfairly that all people or things that share a certain characteristic are exactly the same; an oversimplified idea or image of what a specific social group is like. [stereotyping \= verb; stereotyped \= adjective]

Systemic discrimination

When the political and social structure of a society embeds discrimination in its laws, policies, and social institutions.

Treaty

A treaty is a formal agreement made between the Government of Canada, Indigenous groups and often provinces and territories that define ongoing rights and obligations on all sides.

Turtle island

comes from various Indigenous oral histories that refers to the continent of North America. a turtle that holds the world on its back

Worldview

* A particular philosophy of life or conception about the world.
* The Western: hierarchical and linear in nature.
* The Indigenous: interconnectedness, cyclical

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* The goal is for a balanced view that uses the strengths of both to find a solution.

Time immemorial

Refers to a point of time in the past that was so long ago that people have no knowledge or memory of it.

Oppression

Prolonged cruel and unjust treatment or control; the exercise of authority or power in an unjust manner.