Puritanism Test Lit Period C

What were some of the hardships the pilgrims faced during their trip across the Atlantic?

Fierce storms which caused their ship to fall into disrepair

What were some hardships the pilgrims faced during their first winter in Plymouth?

Lack of shelter, warmth, and food

Puritan Plain Style is characterized by what?

Short words, direct statements, and references to ordinary, everyday objects.

Puritan views of life included what?

God is all-powerful

God is all-knowing

God is revengeful

Who is Anne Bradstreet?

Considered the first American poet and she published what is believed to be the first poetry book by an American

What did Anne Bradstreet write?

To My Dear and Loving Husband

Bradstreet’s poem reflects what?

Puritan beliefs - material wealth is nothing compared to her love for her husband and God. Successful marriages are rewarded in the afterlife.

Who is the writer of Huswifery?

Edward Taylor

Edward Taylor worked as what before he made his way to America?

A teacher in England

Edward Taylor arrived in Boston in ___ and entered Harvard College, graduating in ___.

1668, 1671

Taylor was the what in the small farming community of Westfield, Massachusetts?

Minister and physician

Edward Taylor is regarded as what?

The best of the colonial poets

Huswifery and My Dear and Loving Husband are expressions of what?

Devotions

What is iambic pentameter?

Each line is ten syllables long, ex: If ever two were one, then surely we.

What is an anapest?

Two unstressed (short) syllables followed by a stressed (long) syllable, ex: The heavens reward thee manifold I pray.

What is an anaphora?

a repetition of initial words, ex: If ever, if ever, if ever

What does the line, If ever man were loved by a wife, then thee; mean?

She loves him as much as any woman has ever loved their husband

What does the line I prize thy love more than the whole mines of gold mean?

She values his love more than an entire gold mine.

What does the line, That when we live no more we may live ever mean?

When they get to heaven, they will continue to love each other and live forever.

The main theme found in Huswifery is what?

Desperation—Taylor has decided that he is going to stop living life for his own desire, but instead give it to God, a written form of prayer.

In the first line, O Lord, Thy spinning wheel complete, Taylor is saying what?

He wants God to make him his fully functioning spinning wheel – he wants to be a tool for God.

Huswifery means what?

housekeeping

Who wrote Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?

Jonathan Edwards

Jonathan Edwards attended which school?

Collegiate School of Connecticut; Yale

What is Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?

a powerful sermon that persuades his congregation through fear.

What is a sermon?

conveys to an audience the speaker’s message or point of view. Sermons are an example of oratory, or formal public speaking.

Who was Jonathan Edwards?

A Puritan minister who believed that everything in God’s universe exists for some purpose.

When did Edwards’ begin his preaching career?

1727

What was the Great Awakening?

the attempted revival of Puritanism in the 1730s and 1740s.

According to Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God…

The wrath of God is like a flood and the waters will continue to rise if you don’t repent for your sins.

What are the symbols and images used to describe God’s wrath?

Great Waters

Fire

Bow and Arrow

Rough Wind

Black Clouds

A wide and bottomless pit

Edwards uses what to motivate his congregation?

Fear and uncertainty

What did the Puritans believe about the Devil?

He was just as real as God. He would choose the weakest individuals to do his work; mainly women, children, and the mentally insane.

What were Puritan ideals of children?

Children were expected to behave under the same strict code as adults which included chores, attending church, and suppressing emotions

They did not play with toys or games because they were seen as sinful distractions

Who is the only witch to issue an apology for their role in the Salem witch trials/accusations?

Ann Putnam

Who were the Circle Girls

They led the charge for accusing suspected witches. It included, Ann Putnam (many believed she was the leader of the group), Betty Parris, and Abigail Williams.

What was Cotton Mather?

A prolific author and well-known minister of Boston’s Old North Church. He was a true believer in witchcraft and wrote about the Salem Witch Trials.

Who was the first witch to be hanged?

Bridget Bishop, a widow

Who are notable women that were hanged during the Salem Witch Trials?

Bridget Bishop, Sarah Good, Susannah Martin, Martha Carrier and Martha Corey

Were witches burned at the stake?

Witches in Salem were not burned at the stake. That was a practice in Europe.

How many were killed in the Salem Witch Trials?

19 suspected witches were hanged

1 man, Giles Corey, was pressed to death

What year did the witch trials occur?

1692

In Cotton Mather’s book, The Wonders of the Invisible World, you can be accused of witchcraft for a variety of reasons, including?

having a “Devil’s mark” such as birthmarks, freckles, moles, scars, etc.

acting out, being mischievous – scratching, thrashing

being dangerously sick for no apparent reason

if you conferred with a known witch or took part in witchcraft rituals

What is swimming the witch?

After tying the suspected witch up, they would be thrown in the river

Those who sank were ruled innocent

Those who floated where considered witches

Approximately, how many people were accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials?

200

If you spoke out in defense of an accused witch, what would happen to you?

You would be accused as well.

Who was the youngest person to be accused of witchcraft?

Dorothy Good, Sarah Good’s daughter, was 4 years old when she was accused

She was also forced to turn on her mother and claim her mother was a witch

What is spectral evidence?

A testimony that the accused witch’s spirit appears to a witness in a dream or vision

Who was the first man accused of witchcraft?

John Proctor

What happened to John Proctor’s wife?

She was accused of witchcraft and survived because she was pregnant

She gave birth to a son named John, and spent the remainder of her life trying to clear her family’s name

What kind of behavior did Betty Parris and Abigail Williams exhibit?

unusual behavior including screaming, convulsing, cursing, and falling into trances.

The girls accused who of witchcraft?

Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba, Reverend Parris’ slave.