The reformation

Martin Luther

A monk who began reading classical Christian texts and came to the conclusion that faith in Jesus alone was required to go to heaven.

95 Theses

A list of problems Martin Luther had with the Catholic Church, which he nailed to the doors of the Wittenberg Castle Church on October 31st, 1517.

Protestant Reformation

The movement across Europe against the Catholic Church, which was sparked by Luther's 95 Theses and marked the start of the Protestant Reformation.

Individual interpretation

The belief that all people should have and read the Bible, and interpret from it what they believe God wants.

Printing press

A device used by Luther to spread his ideas and message more widely, as he heavily depended on it to print and distribute his writings.

Protestantism

The belief system derived from Luther's protest against the Catholic Church, which eventually led to conflicts in Europe and the division between Catholic and non-Catholic Christians.

John Calvin

A religious reformer who started the branch of Protestantism known as Calvinism, which emphasized salvation by faith alone and the belief in predestination.

Predestination

The belief in Calvinism that everyone is predetermined to go to heaven or hell, and their fate cannot be changed.

Communion

The act of sharing bread and wine during a religious ceremony, with Calvinists believing it represents Jesus' body while Lutherans believe it is the actual blood and body of Jesus.

Anabaptists

A radical group that emerged during the Protestant Reformation, who believed that baptism should only be chosen by adults and not performed on infants.

Peasant Revolts

Violent uprisings by peasants against their rulers, sparked by their interpretations of the Bible and the desire for a more just and harmonious Christian society.

English Reformation

The religious and political changes in England during the 16th century, leading to the establishment of the Church of England and