KQ4 - KQ5 (the good one)

wowzers

the date Cook arrives

8 October 1769

things left by Cook and early Europeans

• potatoes

• pigs

• wild onions and garlic

• peaches

• diseases

things taken by Cook and early Europeans

• samples of plants

• cloaks

• carved weapons

• chests

• treasure

Pakeha come to hunt seals and whales

1790s

whales and seals were in high demand due to

whale oil for lighting
seal skin for fashion (top hats, cloaks)

Pakeha were usedul to Maori because

they could translate, had skills and knowledge

importance and uses for flax for maori

• weaving items like cloaks

• creating nets, fishing ropes

importance and uses for flax for british

• sail canvas

• cordage and rigging

Kororareka had a infamous name ______

‘the hellhole of the pacific‘

Kororareka gained its reputation from

drunkeness and sex work

maori desired the ____ greatly

musket

missionaries brought ______ to NZ

cows and horses

in 1819 Hongi Hika attacked the Bay of Plenty with _____ slaves

2000

in 1820, Hongi Hika went to England and used gifts from King George IV for _____ muskets

300

muskets killed ______ maori, greatly lowering their numbers (100k-150k)

20,000 - 80,000

short term consequences of the musket wars

• deaths

• changes in rohe

• displacement of hapu and iwi

long term consequences of the musket wars

• conversion to christianity

• annexation of NZ by Britain

• issues during waitangi tribunal processes

reasons why some maori converted to christianity

• freed slaves expose other maori to christianity (they learned how to read while in captivity)

• maori wanted to learn how to read and since the bible was the only book available at the time

• maori began to turn from their old gods because they did not protect them like disease, the musket wars, violence etc

reasons why maori wanted a treaty

• protection from whalers and sealers

• france may take nz

signing of the Declaration of Independence

28 October 1835

on arrival to NZ, Busby had

no wage, no police force, military so he had to make friends with maori

why was a flag made for NZ (declaration of independence)

maori were active in sea trading; but ships made in NZ were not recognised as being made in a country therefore according to international law not protected and free to be captured. also made to be recognised by Britain

significance of the declaration to the treaty

• maori declared themselves independent

• british needed a new treaty to annex nz

life in 1830s Britain

• lots of poor workers

• industrial revolution: poverty, crime, densely populated

• slums and cramped

timeline of the treaty

• 29/01/1840: Hobson arrives at Bay of Islands and drafts first copy

• 3/02: Busby returns the drafts with few changes

• 4/02: Henry Williams and his son Edward translates the Treaty in one night

• 5/02: meeting at waitangi, things get heated and some leave

• 6/02: straight to signing. 40 chiefs sign

• feb-sep: William Colenso prints copies sent across NZ

• 21/05: British sovereignty proclaimed

reasons for signing the treaty

• regulated settlement

• trade

• avoiding inter-tribal warfare

• shared authority only

reasons for not signing

• chiefs not present

• less contact with europeans

• unwillingness to give up mana

• did not want british interference

sovereignty

supreme power or authority

governorship

running a land/country on behalf of the actual sovereign

kawanatanga

governorship

rangatiratanga

chieftainship, self-determination

pre-emption

the right to purchase something before others

factors that caused the differences in the 3 articles of ToW

• not understanding cultural differences

• not knowing the language good enough

• european deception

causes of the northern wars

• 1841: Elizabeth Roberton and her family killed by Maketu. He was hanged but Maori felt it could have been done quicker

• Heke worried that British wasn’t abiding by the treaty

• Hobson changed the capital to Auckland in 1841

• Heke saw this as disrespect

raupatu

land confiscation

leaving britain: push factors

• pollution in cities

• overcrowded cities

• class system

• no chance to own land rich

leaving britain: obstacles

• enough money to buy tickets/land in NZ

• family left back home

• not enough land per migrant

leaving britain: pull factors (to NZ)

• cheap land

• warmer climate

• no class system

• fresh start

what it was like for the first immigrants to NZ

• no roads, houses, food

• houses and farms created from scratch

• relying on maori for food supply

when was gold first discovered and where in NZ

1861, Otago

push factors from Guangzhou

• overpopulation

• poverty

• effects of the opium trade

• getting rich somewhere else and coming back

when did chinese miners come to otago

1864

life on goldmines

• very cold winters, very hot summers

• rough terrain

• dangerous bridges

• heavy snowfalls

• illness by inhaling quartz dust (silicosis)

by the end of the 1860s immigration was falling off due to

NZ wars, gold wheat, and wool prices declining

in the 1870, Vogel borrowed millions of pounds for what

to build railways

vogel schemed to modernise and get more immigrants to NZ. he did this by

creating assisted passages for skilled workers to come and develop NZ

good stuff about Vogel’s plan

• increase in immigration

• development of NZ in infrastructure

bad stuff about Vogel’s plan

• increased national debt

• economic depression (rip)

to pay off debt, vogel suggested

to plant Monterey Pine trees all over NZ for wood as it had a rapid growth rate

what was the native land court for

made it easier for pakeha to buy land (1845)

belonging to the land:

deep relationship, being a part of the land

owning the land:

just possession, to be given away anytime

in 1867, maori established a settlement in Taranaki named

Parihaka

the founder of Parihaka was

Te Whiti-o-Rongomai

why did Te Whiti form parihaka

his lands had been confiscated and he wanted it back with peace

passive resistance

peaceful protesting, no violence involved

evidence that shows Parihaka was not an unplanned and random settlement

• situated in a clearing

• well organised

• food being grown

• population at 1,500

• proper streets

ways parihaka showed passive resistance towards pakeha

• maori ripped off survey pegs

• barring the way by forming a human chain and singing

new women

women who wore trousers while riding bikes and thought themselves independent

new women wanted

more freedom, more rights

suffragette

a woman who protested for women to be given the right to vote

franchise

the right to vote

Kate Sheppard ($10 note) ‘s beliefs

• thought it was unfair only men got to vote

• thought that women played an important role in society

• questionable men got to vote, while women with high standards, acted as teachers should get to vote

women were enfranchised in

1893

NZ was the first country to

give women the vote

Te Kotahitanga’s aim

to create a legally recognised Maori parliament that was equal in 1897

mere mangakahia attributes

• a ‘new woman’

• daughter of maori chief and married to a premier of the Kotahitanga movement

• said that Maori men had failed to find solutions for land confiscations

• wanted to see more maori women in parliament

mere mangakahia speech

“perhaps if women were able to vote and be represented in parliament, then the queen of england would listen, since she was also a woman“

NZ’s prime minister during the 1890s

Richard Seddon

Richard Seddon attributes

• known as “king dick“

• hated arguing

• when life was tough back then, many families had small income and did not own their home

• introduced ideas of a liberal government

• introduced fewer working hours, safer working places, old age pension

• slowed down sale of maori land; however did not stop it

the first maori to be knighted

Sir James Carroll

Sir James Carroll formed the ‘Young Maori Party’ with

Sir Apirana Ngata

maori problems by the end of the 19th century

• maori only owned 17% of nz land

• the land was often not good farmland

• maori only made up 10% of the population

• suffered from malnutrition, disease, alcoholism

• people thought they were a dying race

first female mp

Elizabeth McCombs, 13 Sep 1933

NZ labour party good stuff

• formed in 1916

• won the 1935 election after the Great Depression

• in 1938 passed the Social Security Act (pensions)

• Free medical care

• state housing

• free education

dominium

property, ownership, authority to a king or ruler

why NZ entered WWI

“where britain goes, we go“

nature

type of source

content

whats in the source

origin

where, when, who made the source

purpose

message of the source; what does it want you to do

context

what was going on at the time of the source