humanism

what did Maslow belive?

we are all seeking to become the best we can possibly be - spiritually, physically, emotionally, and intellectually

• he called this self-actualisation

what are the 5 stages of Maslow’s hierarchy of need?

• physiological needs

• safety needs

• love and belonging

• esteem

• self-actualisation

what are the first 4 stages called?

deficiency needs

• needs that must be satisfied to reach self-actualisation

what are physiological needs?

• basic needs we need to survive

  • air, food, water, shelter, sleep

what are safety needs?

• needs that ensure our safety/security

  • personal security, employment, resources, health, property

what are some examples of love and belonging needs?

• friendship

• intimacy

• family

• sense of connection

what are some examples of esteem needs?

• respect

• self-esteem

• status

• strength

• freedom

who is Carl Rogers?

the founder of the concept of person-centred therapy

what are the 3 main components of the concept of self?

• self concept

• self esteem

• incongruence

what is person centred therapy and how does it work?

• a humanistic approach that deals with the ways in which individuals perceive themselves consciously

• counsellor encourages the client to explore and understand themselves and their troubles

what is self concept?

the way we view ourselves

• includes physical and biological attributes, as well as personality traits

when is self concept formed?

at an early age

• young children can internalise other people’s judgements of them

what is self esteem?

what values we assign to ourselves and how we value ourselves

what is the ideal self?

how we view ourselves as we feel we should be and like to be

what is incongruence and what does this lead to?

when there is a mismatch between our actual self and ideal self

• leads us to become troubled and unhappy

what is congruence and what does this lead to?

when there is a matchup between our actual self and ideal self

• leads to positive repercussion - higher self esteem, better mental health, etc