History and Research Psychology Notecards

Humanistic

Our behavior is based on our needs to be at our best

4 Rules of Ethics

-Promote the dignity of the individual
-Foster human welfare
-Maintain scientific integrity
-Never use methods or treatments that will harm

Longitudinal Study

research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period

Believed humans were innately good; proposed that all humans are seeking self actualization

Maslow/Rogers

Believe the purpose/function of behavior was important; wrote the first psych textbook

William James

Created Structuralism

E. B. Titchener

Believed that humans were a blank slate; emphasized the importance of the environment; conditioning is important in shaping behavior

Pavlov/Watson

Case Study

An in-depth study of an individual or small group

Cognitive

Thinking, your thoughts

Hindsight Bias

the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it

Wilhelm Wundt

First psych lab

First woman to receive PhD in psychology

Margaret Washburn

First Female President of the APA

Mary Calkins

First President of the APA

G. Stanley Hall

Evolutionary

Our struggle for survival drives our behavior

Informed Consent

an ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate

Surveys

Questionnaires and interviews that ask people directly about their experiences, attitudes, or opinions. (people may intentionally skew the data)

Control Group

the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.