Chapter 7: The Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems

Allergist (AL-er-jist)

specialist in hypersensitivity reactions

-ist

suffix: specialist

all-

root: other, strange

-erg-

root: work

anemia (ah-NEE-me-ah)

decreased number of red blood cells

anemic (ah-NEE-mik)

pertaining to or suffering from anemia

an-

prefix: without

-emia

root: a blood condition

-emic

root: pertaining to the condition of the blood

colloid (COLL-oyd)

liquid containing suspended particles

-oid

suffix: resembling

coll-

root: glue

hematocrit (he-MAT-oh-krit) (Hct)

percentage of red blood cells in the blood

-crit

suffix: to separate

hemat/o-

R/CF: blood

Hematology (he-mah-TOL-oh-jee)

Medical specialty of the blood and its disorders

hematologist (he-mah-TOL-oh-jist)

specialist in hematology

-logy

suffix: study of

-logist

suffix: one who studies, specialist

matrix (MAY-triks)

substance that surrounds and protects cells, is manufactured by the cells, and holds cells together

nutrient (NYU-tree-ent)

constituent of food necessary for the body to function normally

nutrition (nyu-TRISH-un)

the study of food and liquid requirements for normal function of the human body

nutritionist (nyu-TRISH-un-ist)

a person who specializes in the study of food and liquid requirements for normal function of the human body

-ion

suffix: action, condition

nutrit-

root: nourishment

plasma (PLAZ-mah)

fluid, noncellular component of blood

platelet (PLAYT-let) (aka thrombocyte)

small particle involved in the clotting process

-let

suffix: little, small

plate

root: flat

serum (SEER-um)

fluid remaining after removal of blood cells and the formation of a clot

vitamin (VYE-tah-min)

essential organic substance necessary in small amounts for normal cell function

-amin(e)

suffix: nitrogen- containing substance

vita-

root: life

agglutinate (ah-GLUE-tin-ate); verb

stick together to form clumps

-ate

suffix: composed of, pertaining to

ag- (ad-)

prefix: to

-glutin-

root: stick, glue

erythrocyte (eh-RITH-roh-site)

Red blood cell (RBC)

-cyte

suffix: cell

-erythr/o

R/CF: red

heme (HEEM)

the iron-based component of hemoglobin that carries oxygen

hemoglobin (HEE-moh-GLOW-bin)

red-pigmented protein that is the main component of red blood cells

oxyhemoglobin (OCK-see-he-moh-GLOW-bin)

combination of hemoglobin and oxygen

hemoglobinopathy (HE-moh-GLOW-bin-OP-ah-thee)

disease caused by the presence of an abnormal hemoglobin in red blood cells

hem/o-

root: blood

-globin

root: protein

oxy-

root: oxygen

-pathy

suffix: disease

hypoxia (high-POCK-see-ah)

below-normal levels of oxygen in tissues, gases, or blood

hypoxic (high-POCK-sik); adjective

deficient in oxygen

-ia

suffix: condition

hypo-

prefix: below, deficient

-ox-

root: oxygen

-ic

suffix: pertaining to

occult blood (oh-KULT BLUD)

blood that cannot be seen in the stool but is positive on a fecal occult blood test

pallor (PAL-or)

paleness of the skin

pernicious anemia (per-NISH-us ah-NEE-me-ah)

chronic anemia due to lack of vitamin B₁₂

-ous

suffix: pertaining to

per-

prefix: through

-nici-

root: lethal

polycythemia (POL-ee-sigh-THEE-me-ah)

a disease of bone marrow, excess production of RBCs

-hemia

suffix: blood condition

poly-

prefix: many, much

-cyt-

root: cell

trait (TRAYT)

a discrete characteristic that has a known quality

agranulocyte (a-GRAN-you-loh-site)

a white blood cell without any granules in its cytoplasm

a-

prefix: without, not

-granu/o-

R/CF: granule, small grain

aplastic anemia (a-PLAS-tik ah-NEE-me-ah)

condition in which the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient red cells, white cells, and platelets

-tic

suffix: pertaining to

-plas-

root: growth, formation

basophil (BAY-so-fill)

a basophil's granules attract a basic blue stain in the laboratory

-phil

suffix: attraction

bas/o-

R/CF: base

eosinophil (ee-oh-SIN-oh-fill)

an eosinophil's granules attract a rosy-red color on staining

eosin/o-

R/CF: dawn

granulocyte (GRAN-you-loh-site)

a white blood cell that contains multiple small granules in its cytoplasm

leukocyte/leucocyte (LOO-koh-site)

another term for white blood cell

leuk/o-

R/CF: white

leukocytosis (LOO-koh-sigh-TOE-sis)

an excessive number of white blood cells

-osis

suffix: condition

lymphocyte (LIM-foh-site)

small white blood cell with a large nucleus

lymph/o-

R/CF: lymph

hemolysis (he-MOL-ih-sis)

destruction of red blood cells so that hemoglobin is liberated

hemolytic (he-moh-LIT-ik); adjective

pertaining to the destruction of red blood cells

-lysis

suffix: destruction

-lyt-

root: destroy

monocyte (MON-oh-site)

large white blood cell with a single nucleus

mono-

prefix: single, one

mononucleosis (MON-oh-nyu-klee-OH-sis)

presence of large numbers of specific, diagnostic mononuclear leukocytes

-nucle-

root: nucleus

neutrophil (NEW-troh-fill)

neutrophils' granules take up purple stain equally, whether the stain is acid or alkaline

neutropenia (NEW-troh-PEE-nee-ah)

a deficiency of neutrophils

neutrophilia (NEW-troh-FILL-nee-ah)

an increase in neutrophils

neutr/o-

R/CF: neutral

-penia

suffix: deficiency

-philia

suffix: attraction

polymorphonuclear (POL-ee-more-foh-NEW-klee-ar)

white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus

-ar

suffix: pertaining to

-morph/o-

R/CF: shape