Static Electricity

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Charging by Contact

Electrons transfer by objects touching each other

Charging by Induction

Objects do not touch

• Charged object comes near a neutral object

• Charges separate in the neutral object

• Neutral object is grounded, electrons leave or move in

Induced charge seperation

Charging by Conduction

• Charged object touches a neutral object

• Electrons leave the object that has more electrons

• Both objects take on the charge at the beginning

Charging by Friction

• Two neutral things are rubbed together

• Object lower in electrostatic series list takes electrons

Electrostatic Series

A list of materials arranged in order of their tendency to gain electrons

• lower object has a greater tendency to gain electrons

Contact: Poistive rod w/ neutral electroscope

When a positive rod touches a neutral electroscope, the rod becomes less positive and the electroscope becomes positive

Contact: Negative rod w/ neutral electroscope

When a negative rod touches a neutral electroscope, the electroscope becomes negative and the rod becomes less negative

Induction: neutral electroscope w/ positive rod

When a positive rod comes close to a neutral electroscope, the rod stays positive and the electroscope becomes negative

Induction: Neutral electroscope W/ negative rod

When a negative rod comes close to a neutral electroscope, the rod remains negative while the electroscope becomes positive

Electric Discharge

When a charged object has its charge removed

• Doesn’t always mean losing electrons (makes a charged object neutral)

Electrons will always move from the object w/ more negative charge to the object w/ less negative charge

Grounding

When a charged object is neutralized by being connected to a large neutral object, like the ground

• Electrons move into a positive object

• Electrons move out of a negative object