Grammar - French (Grammaire Française)

Les Verbes

are essential words in a sentence, expressing an action, state, or process.

1er Groupe : Verbes en -ER

Verbs ending in -IR with a participle present in -issant; these verbs are regular and often describe ongoing actions or states. Example: finir (to finish)

2e Groupe : Verbes en -IR

Verbs ending in -IR with a participle present in -issant; these verbs are regular and often describe ongoing actions or states. Example: finir (to finish).

3e Groupe : Verbes irréguliers

Irregular verbs that do not follow a regular pattern and must be memorized. Example: aller (to go).

Présent

Present tense, expresses an action happening currently. Example: Il mange une pomme. (He is eating an apple.)

Passé composé

Perfect tense, used for actions completed in the past. Example: J'ai fini mes devoirs. (I finished my homework.)

Imparfait

Imperfect tense, describes a habitual action or situation in the past. Example: Quand j'étais petit, je jouais au foot. (When I was little, I used to play football.)

Futur simple

Simple future tense, indicates an action that will happen in the future. Example: Demain, nous partirons en vacances. (Tomorrow, we will go on vacation.)

Plus-que-parfait

Pluperfect tense, expresses an action that happened before another past action. Example: Il avait déjà mangé quand je suis arrivé. (He had already eaten when I arrived.)

Indicatif

Indicative mood, expresses real facts. Example: Il est heureux. (He is happy.)

Subjonctif

Subjunctive mood, expresses doubt, wish, or uncertainty. Example: Il faut que tu viennes. (You must come.)

Conditionnel

Conditional mood, expresses an action that depends on a condition. Example: Si j'avais de l'argent, je voyagerais. (If I had money, I would travel.)

Impératif

Imperative mood, expresses a command or request. Example: Mange ta soupe! (Eat your soup!)

Masculin

Masculine gender of nouns, most nouns ending in a consonant are masculine. Example: Le livre (the book).

Féminin

Feminine gender of nouns, most nouns ending in -e are feminine. Example: La maison (the house).

Définis

Definite articles in French: le, la, l', les. Used to refer to something specific. Example: Le chien de Paul. (Paul's dog.)

Indéfinis

Indefinite articles in French: un, une, des. Used to refer to something non-specific. Example: Une pomme (an apple).

Partitifs

Partitive articles in French: du, de la, de l', des. Used to refer to part of a whole, often with substances or indefinite quantities. Example: Je veux du pain. (I want some bread.)

Qui

Subject relative pronoun in French. Example: L'homme qui parle. (The man who is speaking.)

Où

Relative pronoun indicating place or time in French. Example: La ville où j'habite. (The city where I live.)