Isomerism

Two main types of isomerism

• Structual

• Stereo

Structural Isomerism

When substances have the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Different types of Structural Isomerism

• chain

• position

• functional group

Chain Isomers

• when compounds have the same molecular formula, but their longest hydrocarbon chain is not the same

Position Isomers

• When substances have their functional groups in different positions

Functional group isomers

• They have the same molecular formula but have different functional groups.

Steroisomerism

• substances have the same molecular formula and structural formula but have a different spatial arrangement of atoms

Types of Steroisomerism

E/Z isomerism

Z form

• when two atoms of each pair of higher atomic number are on the same side of the carbon double bond (top or bottom)

E form

• when two atoms of each pair of higher atomic number are on the opposite side of the carbon double bond (top or bottom)